Respect Kyoshi

Only justice will bring peace.

History: Long ago, the Four Nations did not always live in harmony. The Avatar, the sole master of all four elements reincarnated in each generation, was responsible for bringing balance to the world, and the world was in disarray after the previous Avatar's death. It was up to the new Avatar, an abandoned street urchin named Kyoshi, to discover her destiny and save the world.
Kyoshi went on to become a legendary figure in her 230 years of life. She trained the elite Kyoshi Warriors and the Dai Li, defended the world from conquerors and kings alike, and remained a mythic figure hundreds of years after her death.

Source Key Citation in link: The Rise of Kyoshi = RoK [Chapter Title] The Shadow of Kyoshi = SoK [Chapter Title] Citation in superscript: Avatar: The Last Airbender Season # & Episode # = A:tLA S#E# Escape From the Spirit World, Chapter 2 = ESW 

Notes:

• Feats during RoK occur when Kyoshi is 16, with little training
• Feats during SoK occur when Kyoshi is almost 18, when she is more experienced
• All animated feats occur during Kyoshi's adulthood, after reaching full mastery

Scaling: Jianzhu,Rangi, Yun, Shirshu, Wan

Strength

• Lifting/Throwing
  • Lifts a heavy container she carries through a manor
    • The container is so heavy it would take two grown men to lift it
  • Picks a man up by the neck one-handed and cracks an ice wall behind him while strangling him
  • Bowls over men with a dense wooden game board before flinging it at others
  • Rangi stands on her knee while Kyoshi does exercise squats
  • Throws a teenager a distance away out of a vault and into a hallway
  • Pulls away a big man in a blink
  • Flings one man into two others, bowling them over
• Striking
  • Catches herself from an attacker beneath her pulling her under ice, then stamps her foot down and crushes their face before pulling herself free from the ice
  • Swings a maul at a trunk repeatedly and splits it apart
    • Another woman could not pull the maul out of the stump Kyoshi retrieved it from
  • Kicks over a cauldron large enough to immerse a grown man
  • Tackles two men at once, sending them flying away from the men around them
  • Tears people fighting eachother apart, knocks their heads into eachother, and tramples over them when running

Durability

• Injured while freeing herself from ice and gives pursuit while bleeding
• Fights through paralytic poison incapacitating her moments ago to tackle a man off a mountain side, ignoring the pain when she lands to start fighting
• Lifted into the air and slammed into the ground before being nearly suffocated into unconsciousness
• Falls a distance onto a hard stone ground and gets up to do so again throughout her training
• Endures lightning that nearly snaps her spine in two, allowing further bolts to pass through her into the ground before counterattacking and entering the Avatar State to win her duel before ultimately passing out from the pain
• Fights through a garrote coated in shards of glass around her neck
• Pelted with clay training discs Yun flings at her, taking the last one to the jaw, and keeps fighting

Speed

• Using earthbending she catches a stone thrown at her and returns it hard enough to draw blood
• Uses earthbending to bisect pebbles thrown at her and returns them
• Catches a man striking out with his knife and breaks his fingers with her fan in one swift motion
• Blocks poisoned darts fired at her instinctually
• Instinctively guards her face with her gauntlets from shrapnel
• Evades several rapid fire projeciles from Yun while delivering attacks of her own
• Blocks a spike of earth Yun attacks her with, grinding it down a foot from her face

Earthbending

• Projectiles
  • Pulls a room-sized boulder toward her from behind her opponent
  • Pulls a massive cube of stone out of a canyon from a distance away
  • Using earthbending she catches a stone thrown at her and returns it hard enough to draw blood
  • Kicks rocks at targets and raises walls
  • Uses earthbending to bisect pebbles thrown at her and returns them
  • Alters the trajectory of thrown stones, sending them out to see so far their splash is inaudible
  • Fires bullets of stone off a giant column in the center of a room, then throws the entire column so that it slices through the manor she is in to the outdoors
• Structures
  • Constructs a training area, including a balance beam
  • Creates a 50 foot ramp and surrounds a manor with a massive trench
    • Reference for estate's size
  • Raises and lowers a bridge
  • Raises a ramp up to an isolated cliff
  • Raises a crag to the isolated hut to allow those on it to leave, something noted earlier to require an extremely skilled bender
• Ground
  • Creates a trench in a street to try to entrap shirshu's leg
  • Sinks Rangi into the ground up to her shins to trap her in place
  • Attempts sinking Yun's limbs into the earth to trap him
  • Sends out a radial blast that throws the men surrounding her away ^ESW
• Power
  • Jianzhu refers to her as possessing the ability to break mountains whenever she remembered to
  • Bounces a teahouse into the air a half inch
  • The teahouse was large, possessing a partially-built second story
  • Lifts the teahouse again in combat, tilting it to one side to spill out several people
  • Fires a pebble at Jianzhu and struggles for control over it with him before struggling for control over an entire building Jianzhu tries to bring down, matching even the greater effort of his death throes as Jianzhu dies. The building then lifts up and slams down and Kyoshi needs a brief pulse of the Avatar State to hold it together
    • This was a 3 story building described as larger than the teahouse Kyoshi lifted earlier
    • Kyoshi and Jianzhu were both recovering from poison during this struggle
  • Rips the foundations away from a hut and nearly collapses a cliff, holding it into place
  • When Yun rips apart a grove and separates the trees with tremendous effort he notes that Kyoshi could have done it easily
• Mobility
  • Sprints through several walls, crushing through them as though were rice paper
  • After initial failure, learns the unique art of dust stepping to reach higher ground
  • Uses dust stepping to escape a militia
  • Plows downward through 14 stories of a building
• Misc.
  • Reaches through a brick wall and pulls someone through it
  • Suffocates several men with clay to intimidate them
  • Retrieves shards of glass from a wound around her neck
  • Blocks a spike of earth Yun attacks her with, grinding it down before it ever touches her
  • Engraves a tombstone

Firebending

• Blasts
  • Breathes fire her first time firebending, but could not summon more fire shortly after
  • Lost control of a spout of flame her second time firebending
  • Soon learned to firebend properly and felt like a natural at it, and kicks out a crescent of flame
  • Rockets herself forward into a tackle, then releases a massive ball of flame that destroys a stone defense Yun hastily raises
• Utility
  • Heats up an iron lock between her hands in order to break it
  • Summons a tornado of fire and air
  • Lights her way down a dark hallway with fire
  • Heats up iron shackles, preparing to break them
• Misc.
  • Notes that she has bending strength far surpassing the best of the best firebenders as she deflects, catches, and charges through their fireblasts

Airbending

• Blasts
  • Throws a ball of wind to blast away a man next to her sending the man flying down a hallway
  • Flattens a clump of people fighting one another
  • Holds a door shut with a continuous blast of air while whipping men around a hallway into the walls and ceilings until they collapse
  • Kicks out air that fills a hallway, smashing scrubbing it clean and smashing tables to bits
  • Gusts the clothing off a man ^{A;tLA S2E5}
• Utility
  • Plays with a breeze
  • Summons a tornado of fire and air
  • Catches several papers thrown into the air

Waterbending

• Utility
  • When caught by surprise she waterbends the first time by catching some thrown at her
  • Creates a raft to quickly navigate the canals of Ba Sing Se
  • Lifts herself and another to the surface from underwater and holds them there
  • Amplifies her swimming to sink faster
• Power
  • Aided by the moon and a waterbender providing control, Kyoshi lifts the contents of a pond and washes it through a building to spill out the guards within
    • Reference for estate's size
  • Sweeps a ship 100 yards out to sea and snaps the ropes mooring it to shore, then freezes it in the air with talons of ice
  • Lures Yun into arm's length to place her palm on his chest, then freezes his lungs solid to kill him
    • The technique is said to require too much raw power for most benders
    • Kyoshi spent a month learning healing before gaining the technique
• Healing
  • Heals a cut around her neck, though the water doesn't glow like it normally should
  • Heals superficial injuries of wounded guards, and knows how to stop bleeding and pop joints into place
  • Spends a month studying healing
  • Stabilizes Rangi and helps to save her life after Rangi suffers impalement

Avatar State

• Pulls a column of stone from a sea floor that tilts over a boat, then washes pirates away with a wave of water and pulls up more earth that snap ships apart as she boils the sea
  • Bent earth from over 200 paces away, exceeding the capabilities of Jianzhu
  • This was her first time entering the Avatar State, and she was so exhausted afterward she immediately passed out
• Described as imbuing her with the skills and knowledge of all past Avatars as well as vast amounts of energy and the previous Avatar destroyed an island before mastering the Avatar State
  • Further detail about the destroyed island
• Blacks out, waking up to find she ripped trees up by their roots, pushed over hilltops, and caused landslides, though she retains consciousness thereafter
• Raises herself and an opponent into the sky on a column of air, lights soldiers and fields of rice ablaze, creates a vortex where her opponent cannot breath, redirects flame he fires at her, and drops him to his death
  • Afterwards she reflects that she was in complete control of herself, and after a few minutes passes out from the pain of the lightning bolts she endured
• Opens up the ground to reach the well water beneath, then uses it to heal Rangi's impalement and save her life
• Throws 2 massive statues ^{A:tLA S2E3}
• Creates a fissure in the earth, raises a wall of lava, and gusts off the end of a peninsula to create Kyoshi Island ^{A:tLA S2E5}

Skill

• Combat/Tactics
  • Prior to training she could move large amounts of earth easier than precise amounts, the reverse of how most earthbenders learned
  • Teaches herself to levitate a small clay turtle, but accidentally breaks it
  • Underwent grueling training to implement her fans into a fighting style
  • Trained in firebending while balancing during sparring sessions and was comfortable dropping to her stomach on the balance beam
  • Studied Jianzhu's tactical manuals, navigating a fight within a building using said knowledge
  • Takes out over two dozen armed men while fighting in a confined space
• Stealth
  • Learned to step quietly during her time as a servant
  • Sneaks up on Kirima
  • Automatically scans her environs for weaknesses in their security
• Spirituality
  • Unconsciously recited a previous Avatar's poem word for word
  • Feels a prickle on her neck in a spiritually resonant location
  • Meditates to summon the previous Avatar to speak with her
  • Possesses a later Avatar's body to testify in court after her death ^{A:tLA S2E5}
  • Experiences difficulty communicating with her previous life at first
  • Communing with past lives is said to be extremely difficult
  • Connects with Kuruk's memories upon meditating with a spiritual guide, who is impressed with how quickly she did so
  • Nearly drowns herself to successfully establish contact with Kuruk
  • Proves skilled at detaching herself from the physical world, and connects with her past life Yangchen

Equipment

• Wears chainmail armor
  • Protects her from an arrow
  • A sword breaks against her shoulder
  • Makes her chainmail even heavier
  • Stands up to earthbent shrapnel that killed several others, including armored guards
• Uses her mothers bronze war fans, headdress, and makeup
  • Her fans helped her mother continue to airbend as her powers dwindled
  • They also help her to waterbend for the first time
  • Her fans assist Kyoshi in bending with precision so well it feels like cheating
  • Breaks a man's fingers fingers with her fan in one swift motion
• Wears armored metal gloves that do not impede her bending and guard against darts

Hello and welcome to my destash! The list just keeps on growing - about a hundred more additions since my last post 2 weeks ago! I am selling the majority of my Poesie collection (40 FS bottles alone, and twice as many 2mLs & samples), and am now offloading a lot of Arcana FS that I don’t reach for. I also added about two dozen new Arcana Craves decantables, including the new Frillseekers Collection ($5.00/mL, comes in jar w reducer). All new additions marked with a ⭐️!
🎈 A plethora of Poesie (almost 100 options), Arcana (almost 50 options), Alpha Musk (40 options), NAVA (75 options including many Spring 2023 releases and Eternal Ankhs, plus 2 unused eNVie samples), Alkemia (20 options), PULP Fragrance (10 full size bottles), Solstice Scents (17 options, mostly FS discontinued), Haus of Gloi (15 options), and so, so much more!
Other houses represented include Astrid, Alchemic Muse, Andromeda's Curse, Black Baccara, Blood Moon Botanica, BPAL, Death and Floral, Darling Clandestine, Deconstructing Eden, Fantome, Fyrinnae, Hagroot, Hexennacht, Moonalisa, Osmofolia, Nui Cobalt, Pineward, Possets, Siren Song Elixirs, Sixteen92, Sorcellerie Apothecary, Stereoplasm, Sucreabeille, Snowy White Owl, Whisper Sisters, Wylde Ivy, and others. 🎈
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Click here to view my spreadsheet!
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1P7e9eQaZ8zfztiYp1_ZHSmXC7yN3xbKDNkGQ328HWKs/edit?usp=sharing
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IMPORTANT INFO AT A GLANCE:
-There are 3 tabs on my spreadsheet:
Indie FS and House Sample Perfumes;
Custom Indie Decants,
Niche/Mainstream Perfumes
-Shipping to the US is a flat $4.25, while shipping to CAN and EUR will be quoted but usually ranges from $14-$16. I usually ship within 3-4 days, and will pack your perfumes with much love, care, and bubble wrap!😊
Spreadsheet link again — https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1P7e9eQaZ8zfztiYp1\_ZHSmXC7yN3xbKDNkGQ328HWKs/edit?usp=sharing
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DECANT DEALS:
- 5mL rollerball decants of PULP Fragrance oils for $16 (choices include An Accidental Interloper, Luna Violacea, New Snow Moon. Plus, I have house 5mL amber bottles available in scents Hauntology and Mark of the Moon for $16 also — both BNNU!)
- 5mL rollerball decants of Wylde Ivy EDPs for $10 (choices include Chasing Dreams, Honeysuckle Sun, Mist & Moonlight and Lovesick & Undead)
- 5mL rollerball decants of Solstice Scents EDPs for $16 (choices include EDPs of Foxcroft and Witch/s Cottage)
- 5mL rollerball decants of Haus of Gloi EDPs for $9 (choices include Forest Rain, Haus Amber At Midnight, Haus Birthday, Hearth, Pumpkin Eater, Red Roan, Real Coal, Snow Wolf, Silver Bells)
- 5mL rollerball decants of Alkemia Alcohol-free EDPs for $13 (choices include Frondescence and Fireflies in the Garden)
- 5mL rollerball decants of CocoaPink EDPs for $8 (choices include Lipstick Stains in SMAT strength)
A note about decants: Accuracy and cleanliness are my highest priorities when decanting. I take it extremely seriously, and complete a series of confirmation checks to ensure that every single decant is filled to the correct volume – not even a drop less! My decants will generally come in screw top jars with a reducer and printed, easy-to-read labels. The following brands will come in vials instead of jars (unless you get 2mLs or more, in which case they’ll come in jars): Alpha Musk, Death & Floral, Possets, Haus of Gloi, and Hexennacht. I ensure that my materials and working space are kept very clean. I decant with disposable, single-use 1mL pipettes and check my work twice with a scale to ensure accurate fill level.
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Here is just a small sampling of what is available, there is so much more on the spreadsheet! For most updated availability, please check the spreadsheet first, as that is updated regularly & is most accurate!
Poesie FS and house samples:
Ada Lovelace FS ⭐️
Aditi FS ⭐️
Anne of Cleves FS ⭐️
Artemis EDP (Parfum Extrait) FS
Borrowed Sugar EDP (Parfum Extrait) FS partial ⭐️
Boudicca FS ⭐️
Brooding Wings FS
Castle Dracula FS
Crowned FS
Cybele FS partial ⭐️
Cybele EDP (Parfum Extrait) FS partial ⭐️
Danann Fein FS ⭐️
Daydreams EDP (Parfum Extrait) FS
Demimonde FS ⭐️
Desert Goblin FS ⭐️
Echo FS ⭐️
Fan Dance FS ⭐️
Folly of Love FS ⭐️
Headmaster FS
Illuminated FS
Just Like Heaven FS partial
Marie Curie FS ⭐️
Medusa FS
Mysterious Fossils EDP (Parfum Extrait) FS
Perfect Happiness FS ⭐️
Poison Pen Lane FS ⭐️
Radiant FS
Rentimei FS ⭐️
Ritual EDP (Parfum Extrait) FS partial ⭐️
Scholomance FS ⭐️
Shield Maiden FS
Strawberry Party FS ⭐️
The Empress FS
The Perfect Tree FS (2 available)
Thought & Memory FS
Tiny Phantom FS
Two Dances With Darcy FS
Winter Idyl FS
Young Romantics FS ⭐️
A Thousand Warriors (labelled as Tomoe Gozen) 2mL ⭐️
Alice Ball 2mL
Anne of Cleves 2mL
Better Merry Than Wise 2mL ⭐️
Byronic Hero 2mL
Christmas Magic 2mL
Clara 2mL
Curiouser and Curiouser 2mL
Daydreams 2mL
Dessert First 2mL
Desert Goblin 2mL
Fan Dance 2mL
Gingerbread Kittens 2.3mL chonk
Knightley 2mL
Lagniappe IX 2mL
Lagniappe VIII 2mL
Magnolia Black Tea 2mL
Morning Mayhem 2mL
Nutcracker Prince 2mL
Opening Chapter 2mL
Opening Chapter 2mL
Plaid Shirt 2mL
Queen Bee 2mL
Queen of Hearts 2mL
Seelie Court 2mL ⭐️
Strange Unearthly Thing 2mL
The Perfect Tree 2mL
Tomoe Gozen (A Thousand Warriors) 2mL ⭐️
Waltz of the Snowflakes 2mL
Watson 2mL (2 available)
Year Without Summer 2mL
Black Cat Cuddles
Boudicca
Comfort
Daydreams
Demimonde (2 available)
Elizabeth ⭐️
Glowing ⭐️
Goblin King ⭐️
Hoyden (2 available) ⭐️
Jo
Komako Kimura
Poison Pen Lane (2 available)
Lush ⭐️
Medusa
Northmen ⭐️
Ritual ⭐️
Shire Yuletide (2 available) ⭐️
Something Fierce
Tempus Fugit ⭐️
Windsor
Woman Triumphant
Worth a Stare
Yet to be Written ⭐️
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Alkemia FS and house samples:
Amour Conjure FS
Arcanum Experiments 2017 #16 FS
De La Foret FS
Forest Rose FS
From The Altar of a Forest Temple (Private Reserve) FS ⭐️
La Sirena FS partial
Temptation FS ⭐️
Vanille Vert (Vintage Reserve) FS partial ⭐️
Yuletide Blessing FS
Evil Temptress
From The Altar of a Forest Temple
Hearthstone
La Flamme
Sea Goddess
Temptation
The Sybilla (Ultime)
Vixen (beautifully aged batch, long discontinued)
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Alkemia decantables ($4/mL):
ALL FULL SIZES LISTED ABOVE CAN BE DECANTED, plus the following
Fireflies in the Garden (alcohol free EDP)
Frondescence (alcohol free EDP)
June Rainbow Alchemy
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Alpha Musk FS and house samples:
Amber Rose FS
Aretha FS
Baby Hairs FS
Beastress FS
Celestial Musk FS partial
Cristille FS
Dreaming of the Past FS
Fling FS
Hard Luck FS
Invisible Ink FS
Madame Moustache FS
Orange FS
Orange Blossom to the Tune of Jo Mo FS partial
Ovary FS
Pass The Jug FS
Ruthless Ruby FS
Slivered FS
Stone Musk FS
Sunshine Musk FS
Swedish Erotica FS
The Noble Sloth FS
Velvet Fir FS
Whispers at the Altar FS
Dolly 3mL dram
Melt 3.7mL dram
Rose Myrrh Musk Soda Pop 2mL dram
The Naked Witch 1.5mL dram
After Dinner Mints
Alice in Her Uniform
Blue Dew
Bubbly Amber
Cheery
Cup of Tea Musk
Deep Throat
Flustered
Hair Flip
Idle Ideals
Lazy Bear
Poe
Stone Musk
Suntan Musk
Sweet Dreams
Traces Left Behind
Trash Panda
Vacation Sex
Vroom
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Alpha Musk Decantables ($3.50/mL):
ALL FULL SIZES LISTED ABOVE CAN BE DECANTED, plus the following:
Greige
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Alchemic Muse FS and house samples:
Gillyflower FS
Temptation FS
Phantasm
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Andromeda’s Curse FS and house samples:
Firefly Hollow FS
Hex FS
Unicorn
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Arcana Wildcraft FS and house samples:
Note that any FS can be decanted at $5/mL!
Black Sand FS ⭐️
Crossing FS
Forest Witch FS
Gideon FS ⭐️
Grainne Mhaol FS
Isolde FS ⭐️
Jinx FS ⭐️
Love FS ⭐️
Maman Brigitte FS ⭐️
Mountain Witch FS
Nott FS ⭐️
Persephone’s Flowers FS 10mL
Skookum FS ⭐️
Waterfall FS partial
Ala ⭐️
Delicatus ⭐️
Freyja ⭐️
Her Forest ⭐️
Herne ⭐️
Snow Witch: Embers ​
Spark ⭐️
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Arcana Wildcraft decantables ($5/mL):
ALL FULL SIZES LISTED ABOVE CAN BE DECANTED, plus the following:
Cascadian Mermaid ⭐️
Come to Me ⭐️
Sif ⭐️
Trust ⭐️
Arcana Craves FS:
Note that all FS listed below can be decanted at $5 per mL!
Black Musk Layering Note FS
Blueberries Crave Black Cats FS partial ⭐️
Honey Craves Festivals FS ⭐️
Moss Layering Note FS ⭐️
Pumpkins Crave Wraiths FS ⭐️
Pumpkins Crave Viola FS ⭐️
Strawberries Crave Nyx FS partial ⭐️
Strawberries Crave Summer FS ⭐️
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Arcana Craves decantables ($5/mL):
ALL FULL SIZES LISTED ABOVE CAN BE DECANTED, plus the following:
Apples Crave Flora ⭐️
Apples Crave Leafy Seadragons ⭐️
Apples Crave Resins ⭐️
Apples Crave The Tropics ⭐️
Blueberries Crave Garden Parties ⭐️
Fresh Coconut Layering Note
Honey Craves Fairy Rings ⭐️
Honey Craves Paradise ⭐️
Lemon Shortbread Layering Note ⭐️
Peaches Crave Mambo ⭐️
Peaches Crave Mermaidcore ⭐️
Pumpkins Crave Quietude ⭐️
Red Lipstick Layering Note
Strawberries Crave Waterfalls
Vanilla Craves Crescent Moons
Vanilla Craves Forest Rituals ⭐️
Whipped Cream Layering Note ⭐️
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Astrid FS and house samples:
Chalet FS ⭐️
Dreaming of October FS partial
Merci 26 FS partial
Nostalgic FS partial
Trinkets and Feathers FS
Rouge Fumee
Sugared Decay
Woods Whispering About You Fondly (2 available)​
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Astrid Decantables ($4/mL or $7 for 2mL):
ALL FULL SIZES LISTED ABOVE CAN BE DECANTED, plus the following:
Tea Time
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Balefire Apothecary FS:
Valkyrie
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Black Baccara FS:
​Conifer Farm FS partial
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Blooddrop FS:
A Multitude of Stars on a Hot Summers Night
The Restless Mare
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Blood Moon Botanica FS and samples:
Samhain Night FS
Autumn Camp
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BPAL FS and house samples:
V’al Hanissim Yule 2019 FS
Anubis ⭐️
Aunt Caroline's Joy Mojo
Cleric (RPG Series) ⭐️
Delight
Eclipse
Snap Dragon Fly
The Ghost
Ut Ameris, Amabilis Esto
White Rabbit ⭐️
Yemaya
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CocoaPink decantables:
Lipstick Stains EDP 5mL rollerball decant
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Darling Clandestine FS bottles:
Monstre Delicat (2022 formula)
Serpentina
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Deconstructing Eden 5mL bottles and house samples:
Aine 5mL partial
Cross My Heart 5mL partial
It Can't Rain All The Time 5mL rollerball decant
Pisces 5mL partial
The Bride 5mL partial
The Nice List 5mL partial
Solace
Under The Mistletoe
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Deconstructing Eden Decantables ($6.00 for 2mLs):
In The Gloaming
It Can't Rain All The Time
Pumpkins Revenge
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Death & Floral FS and house samples:
Decomposing Roses For A Decomposing Romance (rice bran oil base) FS
Deer Deer Deer FS
Lavender Sprite FS
With the Fishes and the Dead FS
Yellow Rose EDP FS
Coconut Chia Seed Pudding (discontinued)
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Death & Floral Decantables ($5.00 for 2mL):
Swamp Elixir EDP
The People You Love Become Ghosts EDP
Yellow Rose EDP
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Fantome FS:
Madame d’Esperance 10mL roller ⭐️
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Fyrinnae FS and house samples:
Isle of the Dead FS
Jungle Cat FS
Border Collie
Danse Macabre
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Haus of Gloi FS and house samples:
Black Musk, Red Ginger, & Clove FS
Ferntree Gully FS
Hearth FS
Iced Resin FS
Lumps of Coal FS
Mama’s Haus FS
Nag Champa FS
Precious Resins and Snowy Fir FS
Iced Resin FS
Priestess FS
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Haus of Gloi Retired Catalog Decantables ($4.00/mL):
ALL FULL SIZES LISTED ABOVE CAN BE DECANTED, plus the following:
Iced Earth
Portland Rain
Winter Rain
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Haus of Gloi EDP Decantables ($3.00/mL or $9.00 for 5mL roller):
Come Hither EDP
Depravity EDP
Forest Rain EDP
Haus Amber At Midnight EDP
Haus Birthday EDP
Hearth EDP
Pumpkin Eater EDP
Real Coal EDP
Red Roan EDP
Silver Bells EDP
Snow Wolf EDP
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Hagroot FS and drams:
Haunted Rose 3.7mL dram
New Orleans 3.7mL dram
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Hexennacht FS and house samples:
Black Musk FS
Fougere Accord EDP (Parfum Extrait) FS
Espiritismo 4mL square dram
Nicotine 3.7mL dram
Strychnine 3.7mL dram ⭐️
Green Musk
Killer Queen (2 available)
Morphine
Prehnite
Rhubarb & Custard ⭐️
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Independents Warsaw 10mL sprays (partials):
Cantaloupe and Iso e Super EDP
Neroli, Iso e Super, and Ambroxan EDP
Sweety Summer and Iso e Super EDP
Sylvamber and Iso e Super EDP
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Moonalisa FS bottles:
Cranberry Spiced Cookie
Sugared Forest
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NAVA FS and samples:
Afternoon Tea Cat FS partial ⭐️
Alchemist Musk Crypta Obscura Half Bottle 🌸
Amethyst (Studio Limited) FS partial
Artemisia Crypta Obscura Half Bottle
Bastet's Potion Studio No. 113 FS
Bewitched Crypta Obscura Half Bottle
Breath of Gods: Ra Crypta Obscura Half Bottle 🌸
Cardamom & Anise Tea Crypta Obscura Half Bottle 🌸
Crimson (Studio Limited) (Aged batch) FS partial
Crystalline # 7 Crypta Obscura Half Bottle🌸
Dragon’s Eye FS partial
Ederra FS partial ⭐️
Eternal Ankh Purpurite FS
Eternal Cairo FS
Eternal Nile FS
Haunted Castle Crypta Obscura Half Bottle
Hat en Tjhenu FS ⭐️
Isis FS
Krimson ⭐️
Magnifique FS
Mr Belgraves FS
NAliday Tree 2021 FS
Neon Vampire FS
Shield FS
Strength FS partial
Sucre Crypta Obscura Half Bottle 🌸
Yulunga FS
Bastet’s Caramel Swirl 2mL house sample
Egyptian Musk & Santalum Deux 2mL house sample ⭐️
Eternal Aswan 2mL house sample
Hadean Eon 2mL house sample
Heliotrope Crystalline 2mL house sample
Ice Cream and Summer Rose 2mL house sample
Jack o Lantern 2mL house sample ⭐️
Nikolav 2mL house sample
Nut & Geb (Meditations W The Gods) 2mL house sample
Papaya White Santalum 2mL house sample
Ptah 2mL house sample
Raspberry Cream and Roses 2mL house sample
Royal Sandalwood: Jasmine 2mL house sample ⭐️
Solaris 2mL house sample
Symbiosis 2mL house sample (partial)
Tibetan Santalum 2mL house sample (partial) ⭐️
Vetiver & Woods 2mL house sample ⭐️
Amethyst (Studio Limited)
Amulet ⭐️
Bastet Amber Solar Summer ⭐️
Bastet's Bewildering Contessa Biscuit ⭐️
Beauty’s Where You Find It
Blue Topaz (Studio Limited) ⭐️
Cemetery Snow ⭐️
Crimson Elixir
Crystalline # 2 ⭐️
Dionysus ⭐️
Envie Exclusif - Saphir Soir ⭐️ 💎
Envie Exclusif - Saphir Indira ⭐️ 💎
Eternal Ankh Azurite ⭐️
Eternal Ankh Purpurite
Eternal Ankh Lapis Lazuli ⭐️
Eternal Ankh Rose de Mai ⭐️
Forest Musk ⭐️
Go Halainn ⭐️
Hat en Tjhenu
Indigo (Studio Limited)
Indigo / Crystalline Deux
Loveasaurus ⭐️
Orchid Yellow
Pink Lemonade Tropical Fish
Pink Quartz (Studio Limited) ⭐️
Purple Musk ⭐️
Royal Sandalwood Jasmine
Royal Sandalwood Rose
Smoked Tea and Amber Resin
Solaris
Sommeil l'Ete '22 ⭐️
Tobacco Musk
​​
PULP Fragrance FS and house samples:
An Accidental Interloper FS 10mL roller bottle
Cathedral of Trees 4mL roller ⭐️
Embrace 4mL roller ⭐️
Fortune Favors 4mL roller ⭐️
Hauntology FS 6mL amber bottle
Luna Violacea FS 10mL roller ⭐️
Mark of the Moon FS 6mL amber bottle
New Snow Moon FS 10mL roller bottle
Sanctuary FS 4mL roller ⭐️
Still Life FS 4mL roller
When What to My Wandering Eyes FS 4mL roller partial
Accidental Interloper
Hallowed Ground
​
PULP Fragrance Decantables ($4.5/mL):
ALL FULL SIZES LISTED ABOVE CAN BE DECANTED in smaller 1mL units as well!
​
Sixteen92 FS and house samples:
0001 Cemetery Lane EDP 10mL partial ⭐️
Erineyes FS partial
Ex Tenebris Lux (from original release) FS partial
Lafayette Cemetery No 1 FS
Strigoi FS partial
The Island of The Dolls (From original 2016 release) FS partial
Wise Blood FS
Aquila
Be Careful What You Wish For
Blanket of the Dark (From original 2016 release)
Bridget Bishop (Premium)
Laudanum (Premium)
Les Fleurs de Mal (Premium)
Lyra
Really Most Sincerely Dead! ⭐️
​
Sixteen92 Decantables ($4.50/mL):
All of the FS listed above are decantable, plus:
0001 Cemetery Lane EDP
El Cucuy
Gryla
The Romance of Certain Old Clothes EDP
​
Solstice Scents FS and house samples:
Coquina ⭐️
Devils Milhopper FS partial ⭐️
Farmhouse in Summer FS ⭐️
First Flush FS
Flowers Nocturnal FS partial
Gulf Breeze FS
Monarch FS 10mL ⭐️
Night Watcher FS
Outpost FS partial ⭐️
Riverside Hayride FS 10mL ⭐️
Rose Leather FS
Solstice Kyphi FS
Heart of the Night
Manor EDP
Old Havana
​
Solstice Scents Decantables ($4.50/mL)
Special deal! Buy a 5mL decant rollerball of any EDP for $16!
ALL FULL SIZES LISTED ABOVE CAN BE DECANTED, plus the following
Foxcroft EDP
Witches Cottage EDP
​
Stereoplasm FS and house samples (pocket rollers and screw top vials:
Lasseiz Faire FS (4.5mL) ⭐️
Monster Frog FS (4.5mL) ⭐️
Golden Hour FS (4.5mL)
Blue Magpie
Comet Corn
Dark Dark
Mogwai
Tamias (Chipmunk)
The Green Ribbon
Venusian Moon
​
Strange Fire & Fumery FS bottles:
Swallow
​
Sucreabeille FS and samples:
Atlantis FS
Azrael FS
Chthulu (Elder God) FS
The Kraken FS
​
Wylde Ivy FS and samples:
​Chasing Dreams 5mL decant
Barefoot in the Garden (Perfume oil version) FS roller
Honeysuckle Sun 5mL decant
Lovesick and Undead 5mL decant
Mist and Moonlight 5mL decant
Pumpkin Ambre
​
Whisper Sisters FS:
Cellar - LE discontinued
Cirque du Condamne
Dominula
Gamayun
Smitten Kitten
The Witch
Velvet Heart
Winter Rose
​
Spreadsheet link again — https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1P7e9eQaZ8zfztiYp1_ZHSmXC7yN3xbKDNkGQ328HWKs/edit?usp=sharing

Pictures: https://imgur.com/a/4ZnOWmk
N64 game lot: $280 shipped for all 11 games, game shark, and memory card Game list: Waveracer 64, Cruising world, excitebike 64, rush 2049, namco museum 64, zelda ocarina of time, quest 64, starfox 64, mario kart 64, snowboard kids, extreme G
NES game lot: $170 shipped 15 total games a few with manuals most will come with plastic nintendo case or black nintendo sleeve Games List: Spiderman return of the sinister six, paperboy, TMNT, F-15 strike force with manual, Adventure Island with manual, Tetris with manual, RC Pro am, wrestlemania, black bass, viper, power punch 2, punch out, mendel palace, super mario and duck hunt, excitebike
PS3 80gb backwards compatible: amazing condition comes with 1 controller AV and hdmi cord. $180+ shipping
Xbox game lot most CIB: $150 shipped Games list: Brute force no case, turok evolution, star wars obi wan CIB, King Kong CIB, Star wars jedi knight jedi academy CIB, enclave CIB, indigo prophecy CIB, Family guy CIB, Narc CIB, chicago enforcer CIB, Land of the dead CIB, Kingdom under fire CIB, Dead mans hand CIB, spy vs spy CIB, Beatdown fist of vengeance CIB, CSI CIB, Darkwatch CIB, haunted mandsion CIB, spartan total warrior CIB, unreal championship 2 CIB, Elder scrolls morrowind GOTY CIB, Force CIB, Area 51 CIB, Blazing angels CIB
Wii U console with homegrown $150 shipped includes pro controller wii mote, docking stand for controller, and super mario 3d world
Wii console $65 shipped console has homebrew and gamecube slots, include 1 wii mote, pro controller, gamecube controller for wii mote, and aftermarket gamecube controller, and mario kart
I will split up lots if people are interested in individual games

How can a change a rule that is a rule for Welfare?
ChatGPT
2 / 2
Changing a rule that's related to welfare or any other public policy requires a structured approach involving advocacy, public participation, and sometimes, legislation. Here's a general process you might consider:
Understanding the Rule: The first step is to understand the rule that you want to change. What is its purpose? Who does it affect? Why do you believe it needs to be changed?
Research: Look into how the rule came to be. Was it the result of legislation? A regulation from a specific department? This will help you understand what might be involved in changing it.
Gather Evidence: To make a case for changing the rule, you'll need evidence. This might be data showing that the rule isn't working as intended, research studies, expert opinions, or stories from people affected by the rule.
Public Awareness: Raise awareness about the issue. This could involve social media campaigns, public meetings, or partnering with organizations that share your view.
Advocacy: Reach out to representatives who can help. This might be local, state, or federal politicians, depending on the rule. Provide them with your evidence and argue your case.
Coalition Building: Connect with other organizations or groups that are interested in the same cause. There's strength in numbers, and a coalition can have more influence than an individual or single organization.
Legal Action: Depending on the situation, it may be appropriate to challenge the rule in court. This can be a lengthy and costly process, so it's often used as a last resort.
Persistence: Changing a rule or law can take time and require persistent effort. It's important to stay committed and continue advocating for the change you want to see.
Please note that the process can vary significantly depending on the specific rule, the jurisdiction you're in, and many other factors. It's often helpful to seek advice from a legal professional or an advocacy organization. They can provide guidance tailored to your specific situation.
Me:
What part of the Government, is in charge of Welfare rules?
ChatGPT:
In the United States, the administration of welfare programs is shared between the federal government and individual state governments.
At the federal level, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) oversees many welfare programs. One of the most well-known of these is the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program, which is designed to help families in need achieve self-sufficiency.
However, while the federal government sets broad eligibility guidelines and provides a portion of the funding, each state has significant latitude to design and administer its own welfare programs. This means that the specific rules and regulations can vary from state to state.
So, if you're looking to understand or change a specific welfare rule, you would likely need to engage with both federal and state agencies. At the state level, the responsible agency will vary depending on the state. It might be the Department of Human Services, the Department of Health, or another agency.
Please note that this is a broad overview, and the specific situation can vary depending on the particular welfare program and the jurisdiction you're in. It's always a good idea to seek advice from a knowledgeable source if you're considering engaging with these issues.
Me:
The No cold food rule is it in all States?
ChatGPT
As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, the specific rule you're referring to, commonly known as the "no cold food" rule, seems to relate to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps.
SNAP benefits typically can't be used to purchase hot, prepared foods that are intended to be eaten immediately. This includes foods like hot, prepared items from a grocery store deli or from a restaurant. However, SNAP benefits can be used to buy groceries, including cold, prepared foods that are meant to be taken home and cooked or heated.
In some states, there are exceptions to this rule through programs like the Restaurant Meals Program (RMP), which allows certain SNAP recipients, like the elderly, disabled, and homeless individuals, to use their benefits to buy hot meals at approved restaurants.
The specifics of these rules and any exceptions can vary by state, and states can apply to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), which oversees SNAP, for waivers to allow for different uses of SNAP benefits.
However, for the most current and accurate information, you would need to check with the specific state's SNAP office or the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service. Please remember that the situation may have changed since my last training data in September 2021.
Me:
the Restaurant Meals Program (RMP), What states have this program?
ChatGPT
As of my last training cut-off in September 2021, only a few states and regions participate in the Restaurant Meals Program (RMP). The states and regions that I am aware of include:
Arizona
California (not all counties participate)
Florida (only in Alachua County)
Illinois (only for seniors living in Cook County)
Rhode Island
Please note that the specifics can vary within these states, and not all areas or individuals may be eligible for the program. Also, the list of participating states can change over time as more states join or leave the program. For the most current and accurate information, it would be best to check with the specific state's SNAP office or the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service.
Again, this information is current as of September 2021, and there may have been changes or additions since then.
I need others to want to help. I need more people to know that at least 5 states out of 50 have made a ways to change this. We need more.

Respect Avatar Aang

Come on, Appa. Yip-yip!

History: Aang was just a fun-loving 12 year old when he discovered he was the Avatar, destined to master the four elements and bring balance to the world. At first fleeing his responsibilities, Aang became frozen for 100 years while war consumed the world. Awaking to discover he was the last airbender, Aang gathered friends who helped him master the four elements and restore balance to the world.
Powers: Aang controls the four elements, can enhance his power with the Avatar State, and has a mix of other spiritual and learned abilities.

Source Key & Notes

Strength

• Picks up Katara and makes several tall leaps with her in tow ^S1E1
• Breaks off a stalagmite to throw it ^S1E5
• Carries a large boulder on his back as Toph disrupts his footing ^S2E9
• Smashes a club through stone pillars ^S2E9
• Pushes against Toph's armored form tackling into him, driving her back ^S2E9
• Trains with a kettle bell, maintaining his balance on pillars even as Toph shakes them ^S2E9
• Boosts Katara and then Sokka up into a machine ^S2E13
• While severely sleep deprived, trains for hours punching a tree hard enough to shake it ^S3E9
• Flings furniture across a room ^S3E18

Durability

Concussive

• Crashes headfirst into a pillar of snow while flying and recovers ^S1E1
• Bumi craters him into the ground with falling debris, and Aang quickly recovers ^S1E5
• Takes a hit from Hei Bei that breaks through a chunk of building, appearing fine right after ^S1E7
  • Hei Bei previously destroyed large structures with his hits
• Matches blasts with Zuko, cratering them both into shingled roofs before they continue ^S1E15
• A chunk of earth tears him through a balcony and he recovers during his fall ^S2E1
• Azula blasts through his shield, dazing him briefly before he counters her ^S2E13
• Azula blasts through his armor and craters him into a wall, and he bounces back ^S2E20
• Dazed by Ozai's fireblast that tears through his stone defense, but comes to midair ^S3E20
• Often takes hits he recovers from with little damage ^COMP

Esoteric

• Suffered a burn he seemingly did not notice until Katara pointed it out ^S1E16
• Dies to a surprise bolt of Azula's lightning while in the Avatar State, though revived by Katara healing him with spirit water ^S2E20
• Bloodbent by Yakone, tossed aside and rendered unconscious, but recovers with the Avatar State ^{LoK S1E9}

Speed

Movement

• Sprints quickly, kicking up a trail of snow ^S1E1
• Outruns Sokka, dodging a club swing to run along a wall while outpacing him ^S1E3
• Runs along the surface of water, and crashes onto land where the impact digs up a trench ^S1E4
• Races forward, sending out gusts of wind when he stops ^S1E5
• Races through hallways, outspeeding Katara and Sokka ^S1E8
• Leaps away and begins running quickly to find medicine for his friends ^S1E13
• Said to be able to run as fast as the wind, and blows apart a guard tower in his wake ^S1E13
• Races up a flight of stairs and across a courtyard ^S1E13
• Chases after Katara, and catches her despite her head start ^S3E3

Reactions - Bending Projectiles

• Evades several fireblasts from Zuko while in a confined space ^S1E2
• Evades several of Zhao's fireblasts, ultimately tricking Zhao into burning his own ships ^S1E16
• Evades Zuko and Azula's simultaneous attacks ^S2E8
• Intercepts Combustion Man's blast mid-explosion with his airbending ^S3E5
• Evades Ozai's lightning, whirling himself away from it in a tornado and later redirecting it ^S3E20
• Often dodges basic bending attacks, including some from Bumi, Zuko, Toph, and Azula ^COMP

Reactions - Weapons

• Reacts to projectiles and spears obscured by smoke ^S1E9
• Sees arrows flying toward him, and deflects them with a bubble of air ^S1E13
• Evades several arrows while fleeing the Yuyan Archers ^S1E13
• Breaks through several branches while continuing to evade the Yuyan Archers ^S1E13
• Continues evading arrows, and blocks some with a wall of ice before being pinned ^S1E13
• Dodges thrown hammers linked to chains ^S1E19
• Dodges darts from Mai ^S2E3
• Catches someone fleeing him while evading thrown axes ^TP
• Often evades weapons in close quarters ^COMP

Reactions - Misc.

• Leaps out of the way of several canyon crawlers at the last moment ^S1E11
• Flies straight at Nyla and evades her tongue ^S1E15
• Evades Nyla's tongue and Zuko's fireblasts in quick succession ^S1E15
• Katara congratulates him on having the reflexes of a waterbending master ^S2E8
• Evades several of Azula's attacks and falling boulders ^S2E13
• Dodges several falling boulders ^S2E13
• Evades a bully trying to fight him without using his bending ^S3E2
• Catches himself from falling on spikes by blowing air that flips him over a trap ^S3E13

Agility & Mobility

Against others

• Races around a hallway, then cuts his bindings on an attacker's helmet ^S1E2
• Escapes Zuko's grasp and flips around Fire Sages to get into a room behind them ^S1E8
• Evades Zuko's blasts in close quarters and grabs a necklace from him while doing so ^S1E15
• While spinning around and bound, evades a fireblast precisely enough for it to free him ^LA
• Wedges a grapple out of a mountainside, and doges several projectiles from tundra tanks ^S1E17
• Performs an impromptu dance with Katara ^S3E2

Navigating Environment

• Leaps to the top of a totem he is tied to, cutting his bindings ^S1E4
• Navigates several stalagmites with deft leaps ^S1E5
• Navigates treetops while fleeing Jet and evading his slashes ^S1E10
• Implements improvised stilts as an escape, carrying Zuko on his back as he makes a leap ^S1E13
• Leaps across rooftops ^S2E3
• Bends while balancing on a carafe ^S2E14
• Leaps across rooftops and gusts away animals harassing people ^S2E15
• Quickly ascends a cliffside ^S3E5
• Often makes leaps over large distances ^COMP

Glider

• Explains how he can control the air currents around his glider to fly ^S1E1
• Flies around on his glider to show off, though he crashes ^S1E1
• Flies after Hei Bei through a forest, catching up to him briefly ^S1E7
• Flies around on his glider to show off ^S1E17
• Helicopters his staff overhead to fly a short distance ^S1E4
• Uses his staff to helicopter up in the air ^S1E5
• Helicopters atop a wall, and carries Zuko along with him using his legs ^S1E13
• Flies a considerable distance while exhausted ^S2E8
• Flies after a buzzard wasp that has a head start, but catches up to it ^S2E11
• Navigates around fireballs and tears through war balloons ^S3E11
• Often carries others while flying ^COMP

Air Scooter

• Uses his Air Scooter to race around the walls and ceiling of a chamber ^S1E2
• Loosens snow to create a small avalanche that sweeps soldiers off a mountainside ^S1E17
• Air Scooters up a wall and runs the rest of the way ^S2E1
• Outpaces a stampede of animals ^S2E15
• Air Scooter keeps pace with a train ^LA
• Makes air scooters for half a dozen others ^TP
• Creates an Air Scooter beneath Zuko to whisk him away ^S&S
• Bursts through doors on a large Air Scooter he rides across buildings, tearing into them ^{LoK S1E9}
• Often uses his Air Scooter in mundane circumstances ^COMP

Misc. movement

• Pulls himself out of quicksand before two boulders could smash him between them ^S1E5
• Catches himself before he falls over an edge with a quick correction of air ^S1E10
• Uses air to balance on one finger and to split a stream of fire ^S1E16
• Floats between landings, making it difficult for Toph to pinpoint him with her seismic sense ^S2E6
• Creates an aircurrent he runs across over a crowd ^TR
• Rises on a column of air to scout ahead ^TR
• Ascends on a column of air that then keeps him aloft when he exits the Avatar State ^TR
• Flies on a column of air while carrying others ^N&S
• Often aids his mundane movements, even outside combat ^COMP

Air

Airblasts
Destroys Material - w/o Weapon

• Blasts apart a flaming catapult projectile, shattering it to pieces ^S1E8
• Throws one man through a wooden railing and another a distance away ^S1E9
• Matches blasts with Zuko, cratering them both into shingled roofs ^S1E15
• Blasts Zuko against a wall, sending out shingles in his wake ^S1E15
• Blasts through Mongke's fire to send him through a wooden board ^S2E5
• Blasts through a dock to send the firebender away ^S3E3
• Extinguishes a swathe of flame, and blasts Zuko through a wall and out a building ^S3E18
• Shatters a chunk of road and a carriage's reins, sending the carriage toppling over ^{LoK S1E9}

Destroys Material - w/Weapon

• Blasts Zuko through a wooden structure with a pair of fans ^S1E4
• Destroys a trebuchet ^S1E19
• Collapses several railings to try to impede Azula ^S2E3
• Collapses scaffolding ^S2E3
• Breaks apart a sand-sailer ^S2E11
• Shatters another sand-sailer ^S2E11
• Blasts two large palace doors off their hinges ^S2E18
• Blasts 2 large metal doors off their hinges ^S3E11
• Tears through a throne ^S3E11
• Flings people through a door that shatters on impact ^TP

Moves Material

• Gusts a cabbage cart down a street where it crashes into a few men ^S1E9
• Blasts a wrecking ball structure off the side of a mountain ^S1E17
• Whips away boulders rolling down a slide and breaks them apart ^S2E3
• Blasts a boulder away and Toph out of the arena ^S2E6
• Sweeps away falling debris and tackles Smellerbee out of the way of more ^TP
• Blasts back attackers and barrels, and flips giant drill ^N&S

Moves Individuals

• Blasts back 2 groups of people in opposing directions ^S1E11
• Repeatedly blasts away several men at a time ^S1E13
• Blasts away an attacker ^S1E13
• Gusts himself back after failing to earthbend ^S2E9
• Knocks away a charging giant owl spirit ^S2E10
• Gusts himself back while repelling Combustion Man's explosion ^S3E5
• Often gusts away other people, groups, himself, and animals ^COMP
• Often gusts away himself and others by blowing or sneezing ^COMP
• Often uses airblasts for a variety of purposes ^COMP

Lifting/Throwing

• Whips a mattress into Zuko, slamming him around a room ^S1E2
• Floats a ball around before ricocheting it off posts and launching Sokka back ^S1E3
• Accelerates a thrown stalagmite to hit a precise target ^S1E5
• Creates a wind tunnel that spits out projectiles of coal hard enough to knock men overl ^S1E6
• Flips several tundra tanks in quick succession ^S1E17
• Blasts back attackers and barrels, and flips giant drill ^N&S
• Often lifts weights ranging from very small to very large ^COMP

Misc. maneuvers

• Whirls soldiers around him in a wide circle ^S1E10
• Pulls a man away from the charging Wan Shi Tong ^S2E10
• Creates spinning circles that carries away Toph's students to land safely away ^TR
• Often creates tornados of varying size he manipulates to a variety of purposes ^COMP
• Often creates or clears away particulate that hinders visibility ^COMP

Defense
Repelling Fire

• Deflects a fireblast that brings down a chunk of a glacier large enough to partially bury a ship ^S1E2
• Blocks four simultaneous fireblasts that scorch the area around him ^S1E13
• Spins his staff to block quick jabs of fire from Azula ^S2E3
• Swats away a trebuchet projectile strong enough to destroy a ship and shatter stone ^S2E12
• Extinguishes firebenders' flames while hidden ^S3E3
• Rebels point-blank fire breath from Ozai ^S3E21
• Often blocks firebenders' flames, including Zuko, Azula, and Ozai ^COMP

Air Bubbles

• Creates an air bubble around himself that protects from falling debris ^S1E7
• Creates a small shield that blocks Jet's hits and returns a gust in response ^S1E10
• Sees arrows flying toward him, and deflects them with a bubble of air ^S1E13
• Twirls a ball of air in front of him to direct away sewage ^S2E3
• Surrounds Appa and everyone inside in an air bubble that resists a tornado ^S2E4
• Expands an air bubble out that loosens restraints on him well enough to escape ^S2E4
• Clears away scorpion bees coating him ^LA
• Creates a breathable air bubble underwater and reestablishes it when it dissipates ^TS

Utility
Slicing

• Slices a melon into portions ^S1E11
• Beheads a buzzard wasp from a vast distance ^S2E11
• Slices vines apart with air ^TS

Heat

• Cools a large amount of lava into stone ^S1E14
• Cools off Toph's soup from across the table ^S2E6
• Amplifies Kuzon's flames with his air ^LA
• Cools a geyser of lava with a blast of air so it solidifies ^S3E11

Cushions

• Cushions his fall so an egg he holds does not break ^LA
• Cushions he and an ally's fall ^S1E13
• Cushions his fall after taking a hit ^S2E1
• Cushions he and Bumi's fall while Bumi is locked in a metal coffin ^S2E3
• Cushions several people's fall ^TR
• Cushion's Zuko's impact against a wall ^S&S

Drying

• Dries himself off after a cloud drenches him ^S1E7
• Gusts Sokka dry after Katara washes him clean ^S2E3
• Quickly dries himself off ^S2E10
• Gusts a woman to dry her off, stiffening her clothes and hair cartoonishly ^S2E14
• Cleans polluted water off himself, then off his friends ^S3E3

Misc.

• Pulls his staff from Sokka's hand to his own ^S1E1
• Rapidly rotates the wheel to a door to open it ^S1E2
• Produces sustained gusts of wind that open a special mechanism on an Air Temple door ^S1E3
• Manipulates the air around a toboggan so he and his friends fall back into it ^S1E5
• Raises a tent ^S2E8
• Gusts Katara's hat off her head ^S3E3
• Often rotates marbles between his hands as a neat trick ^COMP

Water

Training

• Picks up waterbending easily, waxing and waning water before moving it around him ^S1E9
• Proved natural at waterbending, and continued training with Katara and Pakku ^COMP

Offense/Defense

• Pulls a wave onboard strong enough to wash a man overboard ^S1E9
• Blasts water out of a well that overpowers Zuko's fireblast and sends Zuko flying into the air ^S1E15
• Surrounds himself in tentacles that catch projectiles ^S2E2
• Whips Azula's hands as she attempts fireblasts, and then forms a shield from another blast ^S2E13
• Redirects a whip of water back at Katara ^S3E7
• Knocks Combustion Man off a train with a wave ^LA
• Throws a waterfall at Ozai that blocks his flame ^S3E20
• Forms a shield that blocks Zuko's fireblasts ^TP

Slicing

• Creates 3 geysers that slice a ship mast in half as it falls over ^S1E12
• Slices a reed in half
• Slices repeatedly at the hull of a Drill, making a deep X ^S2E13

Utility

• Creates a stream of water to wash off Appa ^S2E8
• Collects water from a cloud ^S2E11
• Bends several drinks out of their cups and whirls them around ^S2E14
• Creates a cloud around Appa to obscure him ^S3E6
• Pull water into a circle around him ^N&S

Icebending
Offense/Defense

• Raises a wall of ice that blocks oncoming arrows ^S1E13
• Freezes the water in a moat to lock guards in place ^S2E18
• Freezes several giant crab claws while underwater ^TS
• Trips fleeing people with the snow beneath them ^N&S
• Pulls ice up from beneath a chi-blocker to bind his limbs ^N&S

Utility

• Collects the snow around him to turn himself into a snow man ^S1E19
• Freezes a chain, embrittling it so he can shatter it ^S2E3
• Freezes a chain with his breath, embrittling it so he can shatter it ^S2E3
• Freezes himself in a block of ice ^S2E12
• Catches a mass of water from Katara and expands it out into an explosion of snow that extinguishes a conflagration ^S3E4

Mobility

• Dives underwater and swims quickly past a barricade ^S3E1
• After speaking with the Moon Spirit, amplifies a tidal wave that carries him to the safety of an island ^S3E1
• Freezes the water beneath his feet as he runs across water ^S3E3
• Swims quickly around a giant lion turtle the size of an island ^S3E19
• Catches himself on a column of water to land safely in the water ^S3E20
• Propels himself across water away from Ozai ^S3E20

Earth

Projectiles

• Earthbends for the first time, launching a boulder away where it releases a dust cloud on impact ^S2E9
• Breaks off a huge portion of stone from an outcropping ^S2E9
• Catches and throws a large boulder ^S2E13
• Throws a large pillar of stone at Combustion Man ^S3E5
• Launches and curves boulders a vast distance away and destroys chunks of an airship ^S3E20
• Tears off the top of a stone column and hurls it ^S3E20
• Kicks away a massive stone column ^S3E20

Columns

• Earthbends up a column in his sleep, and sends out a tremor that dislodges an avalanche ^LA
• Bursts through a stone barrier and knocks away a Dai Li with a column ^S3E11
• Knocks a Dai Li away with a column of stone ^S2E17
• Raises a column ^S&S
• Blocks attackers with a column so they knock themselves out and moves a stone barrier ^S&S

Barriers

• Raises a barrier to hide from viper bats ^LA
• Creates a stone defense to Azula's fireblasts and launches rocks from it, but she overpowers it ^S2E13
• Creates massive walls, columns, and enclosures to form a whole zoo ^S2E15
• Raises and pushes a stone wall to knock away attackers ^S2E18
• Raises a wall against Azula's sudden attack, which blasts through it ^S2E20
• Raises a crystal defense that stifles Zuko's large fireblast ^S2E20
• Closes off a cave passage ^S3E2
• Raises a stone wall that Ozai's blast destroys ^S3E20
• Raises a barrier that blocks shuriken ^TS
• Shields from earth projectiles ^IM

Armor

• Creates a rock glove that intercepts Azula's strike, then pushes her away ^S2E13
• Armors himself in crystals and charges toward Azula, who blasts through it ^S2E20
• Surrounds himself in crystal to allow him to meditate into the Avatar State ^S2E20
• Hides in a pillar and emerges with armor that protects from Combustion Man's blast ^S3E5
• Armors himself in earth that resists Ozai's fire ^S3E20
• Wraps himself in a boulder against Ozai's attacks made repeatedly before it is destroyed ^S3E20&21
• Forms earth around him so he can meditate ^TP

Busting

• Destroys a stone barrier raised to impede him ^S2E17
• Shatters a boulder and slices another in half ^S2E18
• Bends away stone bindings around his wrists and returns them ^S2E18
• Shatters stones thrown at him while defending his team ^S2E18
• Shakes apart a column to bring Azula down from it ^S2E20
• Busts through a stone pillar, then hides himself within one ^S3E5
• Bursts stone projectiles thrown at him ^S3E11
• Shatters a stone barrier with a wave of his hand ^S3E11
• Busts through a stone barrier raised by a Dai Li ^S3E11
• Shatters a battering ram with his head ^TP
• Smashes flung rocks, and raises juts of earth that hold falling debris ^TR
• Shrugs off a projectile from Toph to smash the next stone she throws ^TR

Binding

• Binds Ozai's limbs with earth ^S3E21
• Sinks a soldier into the ground ^TP
• Traps Azula's feet with the ground ^TS
• Binds a man's hands together ^TR
• Dodges a surprise knife swing and sinks his attacker into the ground ^TR
• Binds a man with the earth beneath him ^IM

Ground Slams

• Slams into the ground, sending out a wave of earth that throws away guards ^S2E18
• Tears off a chunk of cave and craters it into the ground where it sends out a wave that knocks over Zuko, then crawls from the crater ^S2E20
• Raises a platform and slams it down to damage a factory ^S3E3

Mobility

• Repeatedly extends a tunnel he and Iroh navigate until they reach an underground cavern ^S2E20
• Launches himself out of the ground and rides a swell of earth when he lands ^S2E20
• Slides across the ground while evading attacks ^S3E7
• Throws a rock at Toph, then burrows beneath it when she returns it ^S3E7

Utility

• Moves a boulder over and carves it into the shape of a spike ^S2E13
• Stifles flames with earth ^TS
• Launches several others over a fence ^TR
• Turns a rock into a meditation bead with an etching on it ^TR
• Begins digging others out of a collapsed mine, then aids metalbenders who arrive to help ^TR

Fire

Fireblasts

• Produces a plume of flame ^S3E13
• Produces flames while practicing with Zuko ^S3E13
• Practices firebending alongside Zuko ^S3E17
• Blasts through his stone enclosure, ripping it apart ^LA
• Trains with Zuko, creating plumes of flame ^LA
• Practices firebending and produces 3 simultaneous plumes from his hands and mouth ^S3E18
• Matches Ozai's fireblast with his own, creating an explosion visible from a significant distance away ^S3E20
• Releases a massive fireblast that brings down an airship ^S3E20
• Attempts opening a firebending mechanism alongside Zuko ^S&S
• Throws a fireblast at the Kemurikage ^S&S

Control

• Keeps fire from reaching the edge of a leaf, then stokes the flame ^S1E16
• Stokes a flame into a fireball ^S1E16
• Throws a stream of flame and juggles around a fireball ^S1E16
• Sends out a radial blast of fire that burns Katara's hands ^S1E16
• Tries to firebend, producing a sputter of smoke ^S3E13
• Carries fire up a mountain, feeling its "heartbeat," then feeds its flame to make it stronger ^S3E13
• Blocks Ozai's flames ^S3E20
• Redirects Ozai's lightning and dispels it into the air ^S3E20
• Burns a piece of his meditation beads to cinders ^TP
• Holds a flame in his hand to light his way ^S&S

Avatar State

Pre-Mastery

• Froze himself and Appa in an iceberg that preserves them for a century ^S1E12
  • Emerges from the iceberg exhausted and collapses, though up and mobile moments later ^S1E1
  • During this time, Aang was preserved in a ball of energy ^AoAS
• Ascends on a column of water he sends out radially to knock soldiers away, though collapses right after, yet remains well enough to defend himself moments later ^S1E2
• Often creates cyclones of air and damages surroundings when entering the Avatar State ^COMP
• Possessed by Roku, redirects several firebenders' flames to melt chains binding friends, blows attackers back, and opens a trench of magma that brings down a building ^S1E08
• Evades high waves on Appa before getting overwhelmed, entering the Avatar State and enclosing everyone in a sphere that flies them to safety ^S1E12
• Merges with the Ocean Spirit while in the Avatar State to create a kaiju out of water ^COMP
• Possessed by Kyoshi to testify in court, summoning a tornado and darkening the sky ^S2E5

Post-mastery

• Duels Ozai, surrounding himself in an elemental sphere and destroying much of the landscape as Ozai flees him frantically ^COMP
• Pulses the Avatar State to bring in the tide to extinguish a forest of flames, then returns it ^S3E21
• Forms an elemental sphere, encircles a city with a massive trench, and catches the falling Zuko ^TP
• Forms an elemental sphere and flies off, preparing to destroy a factory with large fireballs ^TR
• Creates a giant of earth that duels with General Old Iron, then defeats him with a blast of all the elements to a weak spot ^TR
• Crushes an earthbender's boulder, binds her in ice, and nearly removes her bending ^IM
• Recovers from bloodbending, then resists Yakone's bloodbending and restrains him ^{LoK S1E9}

Cont'd in Comments

Reading dbrand's fine print is kind of like joining a secret club - one that entitles you to learn all of the most legally questionable aspects of our business. Creative accounting Tricks? Plans to destroy the sun? Horrific industrial "accidents" that have claimed the lives of countless scientists? It's all in here - this fine print sheds light on things that probably should have stayed in the dark. On that note- remember how we called it a "secret club"? Well, it's your responsibility to make sure it stays that way. If you fail to do so, just remember: we know where you live.
For some, it expresses a preference that all consumer goods should offer a Matte Black colorway. For us, it means we won’t rest until the entire world is coated Matte Black. How do we accomplish this? Simple, we destroy the sun. For the past five years, all of our money – or rather, your money – has funded the production of a cartoonishly large laser beam. We’ll cut to the chase: star-destroying lasers aren’t cheap. Neither are our products – you can blame the sun for that. Our accounting Robots just sent out an internal email. The message was clear: we’ve officially made too much money. As a result, our corporate bank accounts have been frozen. Turns out bribing the bank to unfreeze your assets is a lot easier when your assets aren’t frozen. Lucky for us, kidnapping the CEO’s son is free. With our exorbitant profits safely returned and a newfound distrust for financial institutions, we turned to the time-honored storage solution of simply stashing cash under the mattress. Here’s the deal: we need to buy a hundred thousand mattresses. Your order is bankrolling that purchase. Here’s hoping Casper ships in bulk.
Pastel skin development was a bit of a bumpy road. It began with us rounding up hundreds of test subjects and strapping them into chairs. Then, we blasted about sixteen million different colors directly into their eyeballs over the course of... thirty days? To be honest, we weren't really keeping track. Afterwards, as the lights came back up, we asked them to list their favorites. Their response, sadly, was not the perfectly recited list of CMYK values we had hoped for. Instead, a few of them said something about violating the Geneva Convention. We gently reminded them that they were a focus group, not prisoners of war. That seemed to shut them up. The remaining 99% of test subjects seemed completely incapable of speech for some reason. In the end, we got little usable data from the exercise. Instead, we picked eight colors at random. Don't let our test subjects' sacrifice be in vain.
The bees are dying. It starts with their exposure to pesticides. Over time, an acute poisoning sets in. Immune system? Ravaged. Their cognitive abilities fade to nothingness. Death ensues. They're dropping like flies out there. Soon, we'll be saying "they're dropping like bees out there." As a hive's worker bee population gets decimated, the queen runs out of servants. Much like yourself, the queen can’t do anything on her own. She dies too. The hive follows suit. This is a phenomenon known as “Colony Collapse Disorder,” and it’s contributing to bee shortages all over the globe.
You may be wondering: what does any of this have to with our products? Absolutely nothing. Don't let that stop you from buying some. Where were you when dbrand succeeded in their planetary conquest? Don't answer that - we know where you were. You were buying stuff off our website. Well, we've got good news. Once we've assumed control, we'll be instating a representative for the human race - mostly as a figurehead, so that you'll all keep giving us your money. How will we select this representative? First, we'll stage a cruel, bizarre decathlon. Events will include running an obstacle course constructed entirely of flamethrowers and holding your breath while submerged in a tub of hot sauce. The winner of the decathlon will get absolutely nothing – we’ll just stage it for kicks. Then, we’ll select the representative for all humankind based on how many dbrand orders they’ve placed.
We were halfway through building a fort out of your money when we realized… we need a fireplace that we can use to burn money. For warmth. There’s one problem: if we use cash to build the fireplace, we have less to burn. You see the issue, yes? Excellent. That’s why we’re having a sale. Did you know that was the origin of the term "fire-sale"? To describe a promotion that would generate revenue to use as kindling? Look it up. In a book. Then, give the book to us. We won't burn the book - we're not monsters. We'll just pawn the book off and burn the sweet, flammable proceeds. Once we've completed our money fireplace, we'll need to hang something over the mantlepiece. We were thinking of hiring an interior designer for that. Have you ever hired and interior designer? Of course not. Anyway, their rates are ridiculous.
We get a lot of questions about where our money comes from. To be fair, most of them come from the IRS. It's apparently a "red-flag" that a phone case manufacturer has accumulated enough wealth to construct an island fortress in shark-infested waters. We tried explaining that the sharks came with the property. They didn't care. Anyways, we extended an invitation for their auditors to come out and meet the Sharks for themselves. Upon arrival, we gave them a “carefully guided tour” through our compound, fed them a lunch that contained absolutely no arsenic, then brought them down to the pier to observe the sharks from a safe distance. You're probably wondering: why didn't we give the sharks an auditor-flavored lunch? Simple: Since their safe return to Washington, the IRS is now turning a blind eye to our “enterprise.” While the auditors may be off our backs, those sharks aren't going to feed themselves. Maybe we'll bring the Supreme Court down for a visit.
In 2020, Apple decided to enter the Magnet game. This was a mistake for everyone. You see, our magnet division have been preparing for this inevitability. Shortly after Tim got off stage, our magnet scientist unveiled what can only be described as the most powerful magnet on Earth. Once removed from containment, the magnet barreled into the nearest robot with so much force, the entire population of French Polynesia heard the impact. Naturally, a single robot was not enough to stop the magnetic rampage. To make a long story short, a gigantic ball of assorted metals has been wreaking havoc along the Guatemalan coast for the past few years. Needless to say, we went with a slightly less powerful magnet for the grip case. Our only advice is to keep it far, far away from Guatemala. Imagine, if you will, a vaguely criminal business enterprise. This “business,” which shall remain nameless, can only attribute about 11% of its annual revenues to activities that the police might describe as, “legal”. The accountants for this “business” advised that, in order to avoid a catastrophic financial investigation, they'd need to “cook the books”. Strange advice, right? How would a warehouse of oven roasted books help to satisfy a Government Audit? Turns out, “cooking the books” is actually slang for “fraudulent accounting tactics”. Why did the accountants wait until the entire building was on fire to mention that? Doesn't matter. Point is, we need some new books to cook, and your wallet is on the menu.
Here's a fun fact: every month, at least three psychopaths request that we make skins out of real human flesh. Ten times out of ten, the “should we call the cops?” conversation is preempted by a different, more important question: “is this an opportunity to make money?” Needless to say, we bought a van. After driving around and “collecting” a bunch of hitchhikers, we returned to HQ only to find we had been charged with kidnapping. Since it's apparently illegal to monetize humans in the way we had planned, we decided to pivot to Cow Hides instead. If you've ever wondered whether or not we can launch a product line from within the walls of a maximum-security prison, Leather is your answer.
While we're on the subject of maximum-security, prisons, have you ever broken out of one? Turns out, it's far more challenging than one might think. Our first thought was to bribe all of the guards. Apparently. The banks saw this coming and froze our assets. With the easy route closed, we had no choice but to rely on our business acumen. After a few months of deal making and strong arming, we had amassed a commercial empire within the walls of the prison. In other words, we add enough cigarettes to recreate the Great Chicago Fire. This is, in fact, precisely what we did- Just replace Chicago with Toronto East Detention Center, then burn it to the ground. Speaking of which, did you know that the Great Chicago Fire was started by a cow? Google it, then rest easy: with the launch of. With the launch of Leather, Justice was finally served. Henry Ford once said that a customer can have a car in any color, so long as it's black. Apparently, Sony missed the memo with their white PS5 Henry Ford? Spinning in his grave. We exhumed his corpse and saw it for ourselves, having unearthed A perpetual motion machine. That defies all known laws, the laws of physics we set to work: How could we utilize this self-powered skeletal term vine to power the production of dark plates?
As it turns out, Henry Ford generates less energy than it took to dig him up. Without sufficient electricity to power our Darkplates production lines, we instead applied for a Nobel Prize in Physics. The plan was to spend the prize money on a nuclear reactor. Turns out, the Nobel foundation has some “ethical code” which “prohibits” participants from “needlessly” exhuming corpses based on a “hunch” that the deceased has begun to spin. We’ll see how they feel when we’re digging up their graves. When we decided to redesign the Darkplates, we quickly realized that it was going to be a monumental task. This led to the formation of dbrand’s Plate Science division… or at least, that was the plan. See, we quickly realized that the term “Plate Scientist” means many things to different people. To geologists, it might mean “someone who studies Plate Tectonics,” which would explain why 100% of our applicants were geologists. With our newly assembled team of people who think a PlayStation is a Nintendo, we got to work. Normally, this story would end with the successful development of Darkplates 2.0. Instead, these so-called Plate Scientists gave us a bag of rocks. After both the Plate Science division and the geologists who staffed it had been dissolved, we went back to the drawing board. Turns out, our Industrial Design Robots had already designed Darkplates 2.0. A portion of the proceeds went towards replenishing our supply of sulfuric acid.
On Canada Day, we waived all shipping fees. Why, you ask? Simple – as Canadians we know that saving money on shipping means more opportunity to buy life-saving snowshoes. As the great Wayne Gretzky once said, “snowshoes – they’re the only sure-fire way to escape a polar bear attack.” Not Canadian? No clue why a polar bear would be attacking to begin with? Allow us to paint you a picture.
You just finished tapping the sap out of a faithful Maple Tree. A few unassuming drops spill on your parka. The polar bears don’t necessarily care for the sap – it’s the smell of fear and flesh they crave. Within moments, you’ve become prey. As your snowshoe-less boots dash gracelessly toward your igloo, narrowly escaping the third hyper-carnivorous near-death experience of the week, you pause to reflect: “Why the hell do I live in an igloo? It’s July.” Your sense quickly returns to remind you of the truth: you spent most of your money on dbrand and ice is cheaper than bricks. As your makeshift home melts around you and the grumbling stomachs of a polar bear family close in, your frostbite-ridden lips manage one final sentence: “I’m sorry I didn’t spend more on dbrand.”
When Linus “Tech Tips” Sebastian rang us up to propose a limited edition dbrand collaboration, we couldn’t hang up fast enough. Seventy-two “missed” calls later, Anthony Young’s name popped up on our caller ID. One phone conversation later, the Linus Face Tips drop was born. Our elevator pitch? It’s like if the LTT Store was good. Well, half-good.
See, here at dbrand we believe in offering choices. Specifically, a right choice and a wrong choice. Do we trust you to choose correctly? Never. That’s why we’ve designed our business model around your terrible decisions – we get paid either way. Great thinking, dbrand. Every time an iPhone screen shatters, Tim Apple feels a pleasant chill run down his spine. It can happen at any time: while he’s exercising, doing his taxes, eating an apple… even while he’s getting some shut-eye. Good ol’ Timmy hasn’t had a solid night’s sleep in over a decade. Why does this strange convulsion happen, you ask? Easy: from anywhere in the world, he can sense the repair fees he’s about to rack up. He’s like a shark, sensing the blood money in the waters. Unlike most sharks, this one can breathe oxygen and chairs one of the largest mega corps in the world. Scared? You should be. You’re already frantically Googling “Shark Repellent,” aren’t you? Stop that right now. He can sense your fear. Instead, get a screen protector. If we can prevent an iPhone screen from ever shattering again, it’ll cut off Tim’s main food supply and send him back to the ocean, where he belongs.
Are you sitting down? Good. We want you to remain calm. See, the truth is… the cows have escaped. It all started when one of our “interns” forgot to lock a gate at our Leather Production Facility. The rest is history – just like the intern. Is it accurate to say that we fired him? Debatable, really. On one hand: “firing him” implies that he worked for us by choice. On the other hand, his ashes are currently in the care of his family. None of this changes the fact that a legion of angry cows is currently on the loose. There’s no telling what they’ll do. Prepare for the worst, hope for the best, and buy some Leather while you still can. Now, if you’ll excuse us, we’ve got some herding to do.
Every Valentine’s Day, you ask yourself the same question. “Why am I still single?” We’ll answer your question with one of our own: do you have any idea how strict our character limit is? If we could fit our best-selling book “Why Nobody Loves You” into this space, we would. We can’t… so instead, here’s Chapter 11: you’re broke. Did we have something to do with that? Probably. Is that going to stop us from bleeding you further? Absolutely not. There’s only one solution: buy enough vinyl to fill the colossal hole in your heart. Look on the bright side: it’s cheaper than dating.
Despite our best efforts to detain Zack at our Teardown facility, he somehow keeps finding ways to escape. To overcome this hurdle, we held auditions for “volunteer Zacks.” Average, untalented Americans looking for a shortcut to YouTube superstardom. It was a disaster. Putting aside the fact that their baldness required constant maintenance, it turns out they were utterly incapable of jerry rigging anything. Normally, we’d just incinerate them and move on. Unfortunately, Zack is a bit of an environmentalist. As a result, our “Recycling Department” reluctantly devised a zero-emissions way to repurpose the volunteers. After replacing some unnecessary organs with mechanical upgrades, we soon had assembly lines of bald cyborgs tearing down devices around the clock. To make a long story short, we’re now offering consulting services to other corporations looking to shift away from human labor. If they’re going to collapse the job market, we may as well bankrupt them in the process.
Every time you get a package from dbrand, you can hardly contain your excitement. It’s not because you’re excited to give us your money – though you should be. It’s because you’re excited to read the bizarre text on the packaging. Think of it as a reward for making the effort to read – certainly, a lot more work than you’re used to. Now, You’re here. The disappointment has begun to set in. You’re realizing that you’ve been bamboozled. You’re reading a metacommentary on our packaging copy. What is this, school? The last time you took one of those fancy-pants book-learning classes, they had to invent a grade lower than F. You don’t even know what commentary means, let alone “metacommentary.” To be perfectly honest, we’re surprised you made it this far. Spoiler alert: there is absolutely nothing you can do to get this time back. Signed, a Robot.

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Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad
I. Introduction
♪♪♪ Is this the case, is this reality? Palsgraf, a woman, seeks legal clarity Long Island Railroad, the defendant in this strife A tale of negligence, a rollercoaster of life ♪♪♪
II. Background
♪♪♪ In 1924, in New York State A train, a platform, a tragic fate Palsgraf, standing unaware A sudden turn of events, a burden to bear ♪♪♪
III. Facts
♪♪♪ A passenger tried to board the train With a package, seemingly mundane The railroad workers leapt into action But their efforts caused a chain reaction ♪♪♪
IV. Issue
♪♪♪ Was the Long Island Railroad to blame? For the injuries suffered, the plaintiff's claim? Negligence in their actions, did they foresee? The harm to Palsgraf, a question that must be ♪♪♪
V. Holding
♪♪♪ The court held, in a ruling profound Foreseeability, the key to be found The harm was unforeseeable, they declared No duty owed, the defendant was spared ♪♪♪
VI. Analysis
♪♪♪ Judge Cardozo, with eloquence, opined Causation and duty, intertwined The defendant's negligence was not the cause Of Palsgraf's injuries, a legal pause ♪♪♪
VII. Conclusion
♪♪♪ Palsgraf, denied her claim to redress Her injuries, a tragic mess The court's decision, a controversial blow In the realm of tort law, an ebb and flow ♪♪♪
VIII. Legacy
♪♪♪ Palsgraf, a case forever etched in stone A symbol of foreseeability's throne A reminder that negligence must align With the harm foreseeable, a lesson, divine ♪♪♪

Hi and here's another theory I came up with y'all...
What if during the God Valley incident, Roger and his crew weren't the only ones who picked up a baby. What if Marco, who would have been 7-8 years old during the God Valley Incident, was a child celestial dragon. Or, even more likely, was if Marco was a slave of the celestial Dragons? And, after Whitebeard decided to abandon Rocks D Xebec in Gods Valley(Which in my mind is the main reason Xebec lost the ultimate fight) he took a young and scared Marco with him. Maybe he even saved Marco's life when Xebec attempted to murder him as an example or something, and then left the Island carrying the child with him. And this event marked the beginning of the formation of the Whitebeard crew, as Xebec and his legacy died. Thoughts?

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Re:
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Over the past year and a half, following my complaint to the EEOC, I have continuously been subjected to harassment and retaliation by my former employer. The situation escalated when I came across an audiotape revealing the company's VP of Finance discussing financial fraud. I have attached my EEOC complaint and rebuttal to provide you with a better understanding of this situation. The company has embarked on a campaign of retaliation and attempts to cover up the truth. Recently, I discovered that my phone was under surveillance by private investigators hired by my previous employer, Socure Inc. As mentioned earlier, this harassment began at my local YMCA, where multiple individuals were instructed to participate in a planned campaign targeting me. Socure extended their actions beyond the YMCA by continuously tracking my cellphone's location wherever I went. Initially, I suspected I was being followed, but I later realized that my phone had been compromised. My messages and calls were being monitored, and even my home internet seemed to be tapped into. Furthermore, I have reason to believe that my bank transactions were being monitored as well. I am being targeted because I disclosed illegal activities involving the VP of Finance, which he was afraid to share. I’m one hundred percent certain that Socure hacked into my cellphone to eavesdrop on all conversations. Any and all things that I discuss with my wife would later be discussed amongst gym goers, at multiple Mosque, and random places I often visit. I have attached my EEOC compliant for further assessment of this situation.
​
The following individuals, whom I suspect were compensated, were involved in collecting information about me and fabricating false allegations:
* Sonia Atherly, the Director of the YMCA
* Stephin Roberts, a YMCA member who became a friend
* Ade A. (last name unknown), a YMCA member who became a friend
* Andre Nelson, a friend from Downtown YMCA Brooklyn whom I haven't spoken to in two years
* Austin Hill, a YMCA member who accompanied Andre Nelson
* Ethan, a YMCA member (last name unknown)
* Torell Taylor, a YMCA member
* Multiple neighbors: units 5A, 5F, and 2X PHE
* Serdar Cam, former neighbor and new neighbor at 322 Gates Ave
* Trevor (last name unknown), a YMCA member
* Justin (last name unknown), a YMCA member
* An unidentified female YMCA member who unexpectedly appeared at a restaurant where my wife and I were in Puerto Rico
* Gavin Tseng, a former friend who orchestrated a scheme involving real estate and a startup concept
​
Retaliations took place at the following locations:
* Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA: 1121 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11216
* Brooklyn Mosque Khalifa: 120 Madison St, Brooklyn, NY
* Islamic Mission of America/Dawood Mosque: 143 State St, Brooklyn, NY 11201
* Airport Travels: JFK AirTrain
* Puerto Rico Vacation: Hilton Hotel
* Trip to Milwaukee: Airbnb rental at 1028 East Juneau Avenue, Unit 416, Milwaukee, WI 53202
* Supermarket in Brooklyn: 1420 Fulton St, Brooklyn, NY 11216
* Multiple Banking Institutions: Chase at 1380 Fulton St, Brooklyn, NY 11216 & TD Bank at 957 Marcy Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11216
* Multiple NYC Train Platforms: Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets station & 125th Street Station
* Apartment Building: 322 Gates Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11216
​
Types of framing and allegations being built against me:
* Resume fraud
* Real estate fraud
* Influencing people to file lawsuits
* Influencing neighbors to complain
* False restaurant reporting
* False robbery attempt
* And more...
​
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Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA Director, Sonia Atherly - Staged Office Phone Video Recording:
Sonia Atherly, the director of the Bedstuy YMCA, participated in a retaliatory campaign. On September 29, 2022, she requested a meeting with me in her office. During our conversation, she pulled out her phone and began recording from her work monitor, alleging that a masked individual had entered the gym. She even asked me to view the video footage. While I complied, her phone continued recording, capturing my voice in the process. This action appears to be an attempt to counter the accusations made by the VP of Finance regarding fraudulent activities and manipulate my voice recordings to paint a negative picture of my behavior. In response to my concerns, the YMCA director provided the following reply: "Hi Lou. I believe that it was on Tuesday, and I was actually taking photos, so no, your voice would not have been captured in any way. To be clear, we do not record conversations at the Y in any way, shape, or form unless we have signed event waivers. I hope this clarifies the matter for you." On September 30, 2022, Sonia orchestrated an incident where the same individual showed up at the front desk as I was leaving, hoping to provoke a response from me and involve me in their investigation. For months, non-members of the YMCA were allowed to come into the facility and harass me while surveillance cameras were purposely turned off to destroy any possible evidence.
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Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA Program Coordinator, Jeff (Damian Best):
Upon my arrival at the basketball gym, Jeff, the program coordinator, and a parent with her child were already present. After requesting Jeff to wait a few more minutes, the parent engaged in a heated argument with him, demanding to know why her child couldn't participate since no one else was there. I reassured her that while I didn't mind, Jeff was responsible for setting the rules. She eventually left the gym in an angry state. Their intention was to have me report the incident to management and portray me as someone who constantly complains. On October 4, 2022, I sent an email to myself for record-keeping purposes.
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Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA Member, Ade (last name starting with "A"):
On Saturday, October 8, 2022, Ade and I agreed to meet for a late lunch at "The Green Place" in Brooklyn. I noticed that he kept referencing financial figures related to specific people he worked with. I suspect he has also been recruited to participate in Socure's retaliation against me. Their goal is to capture recordings of me to use them against me, claiming that I habitually record people. Ade also expressed dissatisfaction with the YMCA's adult open gym times during Saturday's basketball hours. He mentioned having discussed it with the front desk. On October 9, 2022, Ade sent me a screenshot of the YMCA's response to his request. It's important to note that I never made any complaints. As someone who lives near the YMCA and often wakes up early, I told him, "I don't want to play." Once again, Socure is attempting to build a case portraying me as someone who incessantly complains and records people to divert attention from their own misconduct. Multiple members were instructed to complain to me so that my name can be implicated. I believe that individuals are being compensated to assist them. In early May 2023, both Ade and Stephin Roberts repeatedly interrupted my workout in an attempt to initiate a conversation with me.
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Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA member, Stephin Roberts - Staged information gathering:
Stephin Roberts, a fellow YMCA member, unexpectedly called me after we crossed paths at the gym, which was an unusual occurrence. We exchanged brief greetings, and I proceeded with my workout. I suspect that his intention in calling me was to record our conversation and use it against me, falsely claiming that I frequently record people, which is entirely untrue. Given that my cellphone was being tracked, it seemed that whenever I left my home, I would coincidentally encounter Mr. Roberts. He had been instructed to fabricate a false DUI incident to elicit personal information from me regarding a case on my record that had been expunged. During our conversation, I shared a past experience of mine involving a car accident I had when I was younger while dating someone, as well as my advice on expungement, recounting a personal incident that happened to me. At the time, I thought Mr. Roberts was a genuine person with good intentions. I believe Socure will be attempting to coordinate and get me arrested for theft or burglary based on the previous expunged records, trying to paint a negative image of who I am. I believe Stephin Roberts has been recording me as a tactic instructed by Socure's private investigator.
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Friend from Downtown YMCA Brooklyn whom I haven't spoken with in two years, Andre Nelson at Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA:
I haven't had any communication with Andre Nelson for more than two years. However, he unexpectedly appeared at the gym I regularly attend on a Wednesday evening, despite it not being in close proximity to his residence. Subsequently, Mr. Nelson started frequenting the gym with his friend Austin Hill. Together, they began coordinating with YMCA members, informing them about my situation with Socure. Within one week, one of Austin Hill's Facebook friends reached out to me, mentioning a potential collaboration with someone they knew, namely Austin Hill. As I stated, I've never met Mr. Hill nor had any connection with people he knew outside of Mr. Nelson. When I encountered Mr. Hill during the following open gym session, he acted as though nothing had transpired, and I played along. Additionally, Austin requested certain documents from me for his business, but I never fulfilled his request. To confirm my suspicions that Austin was attempting to set me up, I orchestrated an event by telling him, "Yeah, man, girls don't care if you have a ring on. They will approach you. Come to this bar tonight." Upon my arrival at the bar a few minutes later, a woman wearing a wedding band tried to get my attention. However, I sensed that it was a staged occurrence. When Andre Nelson and Austin Hill arrived, they infiltrated the group of members, instructing them to provoke me during the basketball game while secretly recording my reactions. At one point, a member named Justin threw a water bottle, and the situation escalated.
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Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA member, Trevor - Staged information gathering:
Trevor started asking and mentioning multiple work-related questions. On October 7, 2023, he mentioned having a quarterly review and asked for suggestions. Within weeks later, Trevor asked me if I knew any lawyers as he was dealing with a housemaid who was suing him. This same situation happened with more than two other members (Stephin Roberts, Kadeem Kirsten) in which they asked me attorney-related questions. I believe he was instructed to record our conversations.
Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA member, Torrell Taylor:
As previously mentioned, I believe that the YMCA's Director is monitoring my interactions with other gym members in order to collaborate with them. Their objective is to falsely claim that "Lou is influencing people to document incidents," all with the intention of tarnishing my reputation. Additionally, Socure allegedly requested Torrell to open a restaurant in downtown Brooklyn as part of their scheme to build a case against me. YMCA member Justin repeatedly approached me, informing me that Torrell had opened a restaurant with poor-quality food and suggested I visit. Upon receiving this information from Torrell himself, I decided to pay the restaurant a visit. However, Torrell was not present during my first visit. I attempted a second visit, only to discover that the restaurant was closed. When I texted Torrell to inquire about the closure, he responded that there had been an issue with the owner's licensing. It is apparent to me that this was a staged event orchestrated by Socure to fabricate a case against me by falsely claiming that I reported violations against Torrell's restaurant. As mentioned earlier, I strongly believe that my phone was being tracked, and it is possible that a separate line was used to make false reports under my information.
Furthermore, my emails were also subjected to hacking.
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Wireless Earbuds Planned at the Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA open gym by Kadeem Kirsten - early 2022:
To ensure my privacy and personal space during the YMCA open gym sessions, I started choosing a spot away from others. I made sure to thoroughly clean the area where I sat, removing any bottles, wipes, or other items. After finishing my workout, I briefly went to the bathroom, and upon my return, I noticed a wireless earbud near the window close to my chair. I suspect that Khadim Kirsten intentionally placed the earbud there as he kept watching me closely. Mr. Kirsten also asked me for legal advice as well as a UX Designer, the same exact topic that Gavin Tseng asked me. Mr. Kirsten is one of those new members who never came to the YMCA. Upon rejecting Socure's settlement offer in January 2023, that's when all of these new members started coming to open basketball nights.
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Mosque Khalifa on Bedford Ave: Sept 2, 2022, at 120 Madison St, Brooklyn, NY, United States, New York:
During the service at Mosque Khalifa on Bedford Ave, the preacher persistently addressed a specific topic related to my case. He made references to "a brother within this community, one of our own, who made a recording" in an apparent attempt to divert attention to the tape I had recorded. Following my complaint to the EEOC through email, the recording was promptly deleted on the same day, which I later submitted to the EEOC. I started attending Islamic Mission of America/Dawood Mosque at 143 State St, Brooklyn, NY 11201, and immediately, I was followed by an individual who repeatedly tried to have a conversation with me. I was also followed to a Mosque in Harlem, NY.
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T-Mobile Visit Tracking / Unauthorized new number added at 574 Atlantic Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11217:
Concerned about the security of my internet connection with Verizon, I visited T-Mobile to add a new line specifically for internet access. To my surprise, shortly after arriving at the store, a male approached the same register I was standing at and started asking questions. A few days after leaving the store, I discovered that a new phone line had been added to my T-Mobile account without my knowledge or consent. I promptly contacted T-Mobile customer service to inquire about the data usage associated with that particular number, but unfortunately, I did not receive the requested information. I believe Socure hacked my home network, such as my laptop, tablet, Television and home camera. For the past year and a half, Socure has managed to view all of my browsing history. I believe they kept contacting lawyers that I reached out to after every visit I made on their website to avoid me from being represented. In additional, after noticing that my email accounts were hacked, I wrote a statement indicating that my emails were hacked in which I got notarized at TD Bank.
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Grocery Shopping Brooklyn:
During my visit to the local supermarket, I noticed several individuals following me closely, paying particular attention to the food items I was selecting and the card I used for payment. I believe I was being followed long before I started to notice.
* May 8, 2023, at 1420 Fulton St, Brooklyn, NY 11216
* May 1, 2023, at 1420 Fulton St, Brooklyn, NY 11216
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Online Job Targeting:
I have been repeatedly targeted for specific jobs and companies, which I believe are staged by Socure, just as they did by involving me in a company backed by their investors to stage multiple events against me while interfering with my employment. I was lured into Plural, formerly known as Civic Eagle, where multiple African American candidates who did not qualify were being hired without my knowledge. All whom I’ve never spoke with. I suspect that Socure somehow gained access to my T-Mobile account and requested my entire call history to monitor my communications. Furthermore, I believe that when I sought legal counsel after receiving the EEOC's authorization to file a lawsuit, Socure clandestinely intervened in my calls to every law firm I contacted.
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Puerto Rico Vacation on Dec 23, 2022:
Upon our arrival at our room in Puerto Rico, we noticed a black male who entered a room adjacent to ours shortly after us. However, after a couple of days, we did not see him again.
During a visit to a restaurant in Puerto Rico, I recognized the hostess as the same woman I had encountered multiple times at the YMCA. She had her head covered with a white scarf. As I was seated facing the entrance, she deliberately made eye contact with me, seemingly aware that I recognized her. After finishing lunch, this same woman followed us to the waterfront and watched us closely.
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Neighbor Tracking Movement at 322 Gates Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11216:
Every time I left my building, I noticed a consistent pattern where the neighbor from 5F would coincidentally head towards the elevator, wait in the lobby, and enter the building exactly at the same time. This behavior raised suspicions and led me to believe that individuals from 5A were strategically positioned next door, potentially tapping our walls to eavesdrop on our conversations. The neighbor in 5A, whom I knew through the YMCA, repeatedly complained about the building while urging me to submit a work order. I also suspect that Socure assisted one of my former neighbors, Serdar Cam, in moving into the building after they discovered my text messages about potentially moving there. Immediately after moving in, Serdar started complaining as well. I believe Socure was involved in placing a previous female tenant in the building, who also complained to me on multiple occasions about the building.
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Uber License Training:
Once again, Socure monitored the location of my phone and deployed individuals to the classroom where I was attending classes in Long Island City in early March 2023. After completing the classes, I became too afraid of potentially facing false rider allegations.
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New Open Gym Invitation by Bedford-Stuyvesant YMCA member Ethan, Andre Nelson was present on March 2, 2023, at 300 Adelphi, Brooklyn, NY 11205:
Ethan, a fellow YMCA member, invited me to join him at a nearby gym. To my surprise, Andre Nelson was also in attendance. While playing on the court, I noticed one of the players guarding me had a conspicuous microphone attached to them, and an Asian woman diligently captured footage from different angles with a video camera. I believe they were recording my voice and actions on the court. Additionally, it seems that after complaining about what happened at the YMCA, members are being instructed to engage me outside the YMCA to diffuse the situation. This incident further raised my suspicion that our apartment might be under surveillance, as I had previously mentioned Andre Nelson's presence at the open gym to my wife. Moreover, during the open run, I noticed the unexpected presence of multiple YMCA members from the Downtown Brooklyn location, whom I hadn't encountered in the past four years. I firmly believe that Andre Nelson orchestrated their participation and that they were strategically placed as collaborators by Socure.
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New Gym Invites
After fully understanding that I knew about all of the plans in place at the YMCA, with the help of the YMCA Director, Sonia Atherly, multiple members were told to invite me to other gyms to built a campaign of “ this is Lou everywhere he goes”. Over six plus individuals were asked to invite me to new open gyms and men’s league to play in. This is all to avoid further problems at the gym.
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Real Estate / Startup Venture Inquiry by Gavin Tseng:
Due to ongoing targeting, I decided to distance myself from everyone for months. However, my friend Gavin Tseng, whom I knew while living in Downtown Brooklyn, repeatedly invited me to his upstate home and wanted me to see properties he was interested in purchasing. It was quite unusual that Mr. Tseng would frequently text me, asking about my availability on specific days. I suspect that Mr. Tseng was recording our conversations during the trips and multiple phone calls, where he sought my help with UX Designing for his apartment rental car service. I believe Socure conducted research on my past work history, including my involvement in a Delegate campaign in Maryland for a real estate professional. I suspect that Socure fabricated false accusations against this individual and used my information to create misleading claims, leveraging my network and devices.
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Subways / Stores Staged Evidence Building:
Regardless of the subway station I find myself in, I consistently experience being followed by random individuals who are instructed to approach me closely while holding their cellphones up to my face and posing questions. On multiple occasions, I recall three females approaching me seeking guidance regarding subway directions, and I willingly offered my assistance. However, I have recently become aware that individuals, including camera operators, have been capturing these interactions on film as part of what appears to be a deliberate campaign to discredit me.
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March 28, 2023 - Travel to Milwaukee:
While traveling to Milwaukee for a getaway from my wife after several disputes, I noticed that I was being followed at the airport. The surveillance continued throughout my stay at the Airbnb located at 1028 East Juneau Avenue, Unit 416, Milwaukee, WI 53202, from March 28, 2023, to April 11, 2023. I also experienced being followed at the Hertz car rental at 804 Vel R. Phillips Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53203, on April 6, 2023, and at the Pleasant Prairie Premium Outlet at 11211 120th Ave, Pleasant Prairie, WI 53158, on the same day.
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April 12, 2023 - Returning back from Milwaukee:
Immediately after arriving back in New York City from my two-week vacation, at around 3:45 pm ET, just two minutes after landing, I received a text message from a YMCA member whom I hadn't communicated with in over three weeks. The message mentioned something along the lines of "See you tonight," which I promptly deleted. This unmistakable occurrence served as a clear indication that my phone was under surveillance and being tracked.
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April 21, 2023 & May 7, 2023 - Vitamin Shoppe at 12 4th Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11217:
As I entered the Vitamin Shoppe in Downtown Brooklyn on Atlantic Ave, I noticed that I was being followed. While at the checkout counter, an African American gentleman positioned himself next to me, seemingly eavesdropping on my account information and the items I was purchasing. I strongly suspect that a similar incident occurred during my previous visit on April 21, 2023, although I was not actively observing at that time.
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On May 6, 2023, between 11:30 am - 12:45 pm - JFK AirTrain:
Once again, I became aware that my phone was being tracked. I accompanied my wife to the airport as she was departing for Milwaukee. Upon arriving at the station, an assertive African American woman in her late 30s hurriedly approached us, despite the presence of multiple station operators. She aggressively stopped us and began asking for directions. Sensing something amiss, I promptly distanced myself from the situation while my wife attempted to assist her with the directions.
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Friday, May 11, 2023 at Costco Eyewear at 517 E 117th St, New York, NY 10035: While I was sharing my information, a woman in her late 50s approached the counter and closely observed my personal details. I have come to believe that Socure has someone at Chase informing them of my location whenever I use my Chase bank card. The day before, I made purchases with my Chase card at Costco.
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Friday, May 11, 2023 at Costco at 517 E 117th St, New York, NY 10035: While conversing with a product representative at Costco, a young female employee in her late teens or early twenties approached with an older Senegalese gentleman in his late 60s. The gentleman sought assistance with a product due to his limited English proficiency. As he showed me his phone up close, I noticed someone recording our interaction from a distance. Once again, I felt as though I was being followed. It seems that a private investigator was aware of my recent purchase of fish oil at Vitamin Shoppe on May 7, 2023, as well as my pursuit of becoming a personal trainer. They orchestrated the scenario with the gentleman asking me specific questions about fish oil. It's worth noting that the material I was studying for personal training explicitly states that trainers should not recommend any medication to individuals.
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Saturday, May 13, 2023, at Hoyt Station in Brooklyn: Once more, I found myself being followed into the train station. While I was waiting there, a woman approached me once again, seeking directions. Without hesitation, I gestured towards someone else nearby and firmly replied, "No, ask her." Interestingly, there was a man across the platform holding two cameras, capturing the entire interaction between us. Following the unsuccessful attempt, the woman conversed with the man briefly before they both boarded the train.
Saturday, May 13, 2023, at Bedford and Quincy in Brooklyn: As I neared my apartment building, I noticed two cameramen once again attempting to record me. Sensing their presence and their intention to cross the street, I quickly changed course and crossed over to the other side, putting some distance between us.
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Saturday, May 13, 2023 - TD Bank at 957 Marcy Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11216: While I was withdrawing cash from the ATM, a white male in his late 20s, accompanied by a dog, was recording me from outside. I also believe Socure did some digging into all of my transactions at my local banks, such as Chase and TD Bank.
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Saturday, May 13, 2023 - Credit Card information altered: When I logged into my Discover Credit Card account, I observed that my information had been modified.
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Monday, May 14, 2023 - Best Buy Brooklyn at 625 Atlantic Ave Ste A7, Brooklyn, NY 11217: Upon reaching the printing department at 12:14 pm ET, I was harassed by an African American woman in her late 60s. I ignored her and left through the opposite side, but she continued to follow me and tried to engage in a conversation.
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Tuesday, May 16, 2023, at Target 517 E 117th St Suite 201, New York, NY 10035, at 10:46 am ET: Upon realizing that I was aware of the cover-up occurring, where individuals were tailing me and inquiring with their phones in hand, Socure strategically positioned an African gentleman near the entrance of the targeted bathroom. They had been closely observing my actions. Remarkably, this man was dressed identically to me during the incident that unfolded on Friday, May 11, 2023
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While waiting in line, I believe a Senegalese couple were instructed to chat about illegal activities intentionally while I was behind them and they absurdly moved to another line.
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Tuesday, May 16, 2023 - Cohen’s Fashion Optical at 86 W 125th St, New York, NY 10027: While retrieving my reading glasses from Costco, I discovered that the prescription was stronger than what was indicated in the eye examination. The lenses ended up negatively impacting my vision. I requested to review the physician's notes from the exam, but despite waiting for over 30 minutes, they were unable to provide any documentation as the physician was acting very strange. Instead, they gave me evasive responses, leading me to ultimately leave without a resolution.
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May 18, 2023 - Chase Bank at 1380 Fulton St, Brooklyn, NY 11216 @ 12 PM ET: Around 12 PM ET on May 18, 2023, at Chase Bank on Fulton Ave in Brooklyn, I experienced another incident I believe involves Socure. An individual was sent to tail me, and it began at TD Bank where this person approached the teller in an ostentatious manner, loudly expressing their intentions. I suspect this encounter was being recorded in an attempt to frame a robbery on me. It seems that Socure is continuously monitoring my activities, possibly as a diversion from the fact that their former CFO was untrustworthy. Regardless of where I go, I am constantly being followed, with new tactics being devised every time I step outside my home.
I’m writing to put a stop to this targeting and ongoing harassment.

I've never posted on Reddit and I've made this account just to share what's happened. Everything is true but some details are intentionally vague so that I can remain anonymous.
Here's some background. I'm from a middle-class background in Western Europe. Dad is white, mum is Asian. I'm in mid-early twenties, my brother is about 2 years younger. My brother and I have always been very different, and have never been particularly close unfortunately. It feels like he was never mature for his age. I'm quite academic, and worked hard to study at one of the best universities in the world. Meanwhile, my brother barely passed the minimum requirements at school, and spent his last two years of school doing film studies. He preferred playing mobile games and playing with plastic swords, toy guns, etc. even into his late teens. Although we were only two years apart, it's always felt like we were on different planets, and we only diverged more as time passed.
My brother and mum were very close, although my brother's relationship with my dad was a bit more strained because my brother never took his studies seriously, and having academic qualifications are quite important to my dad. We're not rich, but had enough money to send my brother (and not me) to a local private school for half of his secondary education so that he would get enough attention at school.
My brother surprised us by saying he wanted to go to university, and so he went to film school. My dad paid the tuition fees (around 25k dollars I think, which is a lot of money for us).
He seemed to be enjoying it, although at the end of autumn he came home because of a covid lockdown. With him, he brought a friend. I'll call her Mary (not her real name). Mary, a drama student, was in the same accommodation block as my brother, and she claims she was raped by someone else in the accommodation block, and so she was scared to be there alone. That's why Mary came to stay with us, and she was just a close friend of my brother as far as we knew. He was 18, she was 19 (although as a joke they told me she was 21, and for a few months I thought she was 21).
Mary is American, seemed relatively normal, not particularly attractive but not ugly, friendly, perhaps a bit secretive. We thought we were doing a good thing by hosting her - a vulnerable girl who had allegedly been assaulted at university. She stayed in my brother's room (next to my room) on a mattress on the floor.
She kind of became part of the family, I kind of saw her as a sister-figure. She ended up spending around 4 months in our house. She never paid rent or for food. She was even there for christmas.
My mum felt a bit uncomfortable with her at some point, although my dad felt it was fine to let her stay.
There were a few strange things about Mary. She claimed that she used to be in Hollywood when she was younger, but she wouldn't tell us her stage name. She implied that she was abused - Harvey Weinstein kind of stuff. She said that she used to be quite big, and even showed us a short clip on her phone of her in some kind of series/movie. She also claimed that she had an agreement with someone from HBO to produce a series that she would write. Whenever she was on her computer in our house, she would be working on the script for her series.
My brother relayed some interesting stories about Mary. Apparently her dad has a 9 figure net worth, she has relatives in the mafia, and one of her relatives murdered another relative. Despite claims about her father's wealth, we couldn't find anything about him or Mary online. My parents found this concerning, along with her potential links to mafia. We're not the kind of family involved with the mafia.
My parents were concerned about Mary - she seemed to have a drinking problem (my parents would hide alcohol from her), and were concerned about her self-harming.
I suspect that part of the reason my brother was friends with Mary was to use her connections to Hollywood. In fact, my brother was set to star as the lead actor in Mary's TV series. For this reason, he dropped out of university. My parents were concerned about this, but accepted it because they thought Mary's series could be a good opportunity for him. Mary even tried to buy a closed-down bar very close to our house as the location for the series. Her dad flew over from the US to help negotiate the purchase. He was a kind of charismatic American type, perhaps a bit slimy maybe.
Some of Mary's behaviour was a bit suspicious - she didn't want the bar owners to know that she was staying nearby, and so she made the bar owners pick her up and drop her off at a train station in town. We also felt it was strange that a 19 year old was negotiating the purchase of a property worth about a million dollars. The bar owners were also quite sleazy. Interestingly, Mary was quickly able to ascertain that the bar owners have a shell corporation in the Cayman islands - I was surprised how quickly she was able to deduce this.
Mary said that even I would have a small part in the series. She also said she was planning on getting Johnny Depp to play in it (she argued he would be "cheap" because this was when the Amber Heard allegations were ongoing). I was skeptic of some of the things Mary would say, but a lot of her actions would correspond with her words, and at least some of the things she said were true.
And so after four months of being at home with my parents, my brother, and Mary, I went back to university because lockdown ended. To summarise, when I left home, my brother had dropped out of university to pursue a TV series with Mary, his close friend, and things were looking promising for my brother's acting career.
Things started to change a few weeks later. My parents called me and told me something bad had happened. Apparently my brother and Mary went to the Caribbeans without telling my parents. I didn't think it was that big of a deal. My parents were upset because this was during the covid pandemic, and my brother asked for permission and my parents said no (because of the pandemic). But Mary and my brother went on the trip anyway, and once there my brother told my parents, who were very upset. My brother didn't even have travel insurance, which my parents found very concerning. Importantly, Mary's dad paid for the trip knowing my parents didn't give permission. This felt like a betrayal to my parents, and this is when stuff became serious.
It was at this point that my brother revealed he was in a relationship with Mary. Nobody saw this coming - we had no reason to suspect this. It would have been fine if they were in a relationship, so we didn't see a reason for them to hide it. I shared a wall with them for 4 months, and I never heard anything that might suggest any physical relationship. I would also argue that my brother is a bit out of her league.
Then things became more serious when my brother revealed he was going to move to the US with Mary. My parents were scared of losing their son to a suspicious family with potential connections to the mafia. I get a bit lost on the details here, but apparently part of the reason my brother went to the Caribbeans with her is to try and get in the US? And apparently there was some plot to get him to pose as a carer for Mary's grandmother or something?
Anyway, Mary and my brother kept hatching plans to move to the US in very little time, and my parents were super worried. They kept asking what the plans were, and the plans would keep changing. Mary was framing it as my parents being crazy and overprotective, and she argued that she was just trying to be transparent by keeping them up to date with their schemes.
And then my parents started to suspect Mary was lying about stuff. They suspected she was lying about her name, her background, her age. They demanded to see official documents like Mary's birth certificate, and Mary framed this as my parents being crazy. Mary says she tried to gain my parents' trust by sharing a secret - Mary said she got into her drama school using fake documents that say she was 28 instead of 19 because "you're more likely to be accepted because they reject you the first few times you apply" (this doesn't make sense). My parents saw this as evidence of Mary being untrustworthy, whilst Mary framed this her trying to share a secret and my parents "weaponising" it against her.
And so my parents called me, desperate for me to help them and stop Mary from taking my brother to the US, where they might lose him.
This is when I stepped in. I held a phone call with Mary, and she said a few things. She said a sob story about how she is "daddy's little girl" and how she wants to go home, and how my parents are crazy and way too protective. She also said some stuff about my mum chatting shit about me (this was a lie, Mary was trying to turn us against each other). I asked her about an issue; Mary claims her dad owns a house in the city, but when Mary's father visited us, he said it was his first time in our country. My parents found this strange, along with the fact that she chose not to stay at her house in the capital instead of staying with us. She kind of laughed off the fact that her dad said he'd never been to our country, and claimed he was just being silly and forgot. Mary was suspicious,
After the call, I went online and I wanted to try find out who Mary really was. I didn't know if I knew her real name, her real age, or anything really. All I knew for sure was how she looked like. I went on an acting database and looked up actors based on physical features (hair colour, height, etc). She mentioned she was part of this specific acting association, and when I looked up her features along with a filter for that acting association, her face came up on the first page. I found out who she really was.
Mary had told us her real first name but fake last name. She was an actress, but nowhere near as successful as she said. She has an IMDB, but most of her roles were extras in subpar movies/series. But then I saw how she had a "part" in Teen Nick in the mid 2000s (she was in the crowd and the camera passed over her face a bit). This, in addition to other things I found online using her real name showed that she was not 19. She was 28.
To clarify, Mary could have been 16-30, she was one of those people whose age you can't easily estimate.
Using her real name, I found her father's company. It might be real, it might not, I don't know but I doubt he's worth 9 figures. But what I did know for a fact is that she lied about her name and age.
I called my brother. This was pretty much the first time in our life we actually called each other. It might also have been the first time our life we had a real conversation, which I realise is quite sad.
I spent half an hour listening to him and his side of the story. He was sad that my parents didn't trust him. He said that if he found out Mary was lying about anything (eg name, age), he would break up with her. When he finished talking, I sent him a link to a video posted in like 2007. I told him to go to a specific point in the video, and tell me what he sees. He sees Mary. I ask him to check the date of the video. She looks like a teenager in this video from many years ago. I present him with the other evidence too.
My brother was speechless. I had irrefutable evidence that Mary lied. He thanked me at the end of the call.
My brother confronted Mary. They broke up. Apparently she insisted that she had another stage name and a Wikipedia I think, but eventually admitted that this wasn't true.
After they broke up, my brother shared some of the things that Mary had claimed. She told my brother that she was abused by Tom Hanks and Quintin Tarantino. She claims she tried to poison Quintin Tarantino, but that it went wrong (he was poisoned but didn't die or something?) and that she ended up under a witness protection scheme, which is why she had to lie about her name age. I was somewhat skeptic of these claims.
Mary was a talented liar. It is honestly quite impressive to spend 4 months in a house and not have anyone realise that she was lying about her name, age, background, etc. We still don't know what she was doing between the ages of 19 and 28.
This might sound fucked up, but ending my brother's relationship was of one of my proudest achievements. My parents were so grateful. He was going to continue film school. We felt as if we've left the problem behind, and it was nearly a funny story.
But then things got worse soon. My parents called me and said something terrible had happened. I thought they were being dramatic. They weren't, Mary said she was pregnant.
Our instant reaction was that she was lying. She had lied about so many things, and clearly she was desperate to be with my brother. However, my brother went to the hospital to get scans with her. She was pregnant.
Mary refused an abortion. Catholic I think? I think her parents called abortion murder.
Importantly, Mary misled my brother about her fertility. She claimed that she could only get pregnant on three days of the month "because her parents starved her when she was younger so that she could look like a model and so she has fertility issues". It is because she misled my brother that she got pregnant. This was before he knew her real name and age - this feels like rape though it legally is not.
My parents really wanted my brother to not be involved with Mary. And my brother didn't get back together. Pregnant Mary went to the US and we thought we were rid of her.
My brother started film school again in the fall. However, my mum felt as if something was wrong and as if he was hiding something. He later admitted that Mary had come back from the US and was staying in his small student room. We're not sure who initiated the contact, but my brother claims it was him. He claims its because of the baby, not because of her.
Apparently Mary told all his university friends that my brother got her pregnant and left her, which resulted in the friends turning against my brother. Apparently one of my brother's friend told him to "be a man" and be there for the child.
This was very distressing for my parents. My parents suspected that my brother and Mary would try to move to the US, which is exactly what my parents were afraid of. Mary and my brother insisted they would stay in the city, and that they were looking for somewhere to move in. However, it seemed like this was failing to materialise, and my parents just wanted to get her out of his room (a heavily pregnant woman in a cramped student room, which honestly is somewhat of a health risk).
This bit gets a bit confusing. I thought my parents called the police, though apparently it was just the building's security, who knocked on my brother's room and saw that it was empty (I heard from an aunt that they were hiding in the bathroom). It turns out that my brother and Mary expected a visit because the reception girl warned them (my parents were confiding in the reception girl, but turns out she was not on our side).
My brother and Mary saw this as a huge breach of trust, and they did at some point afterwards move out to somewhere in the city. We knew the district of their place but they never shared the address with us. Note that my parents weren't financially supporting him at this point, so likely it was Mary's family who was paying the bills. I don't even know if Mary was in the country legally.
It was October now, and my dad's birthday. My brother had dropped out of film school again. My brother came home for my dad's birthday (it was a little bit awkward), but he wouldn't even spend the night. Apparently Mary could not handle a single night alone because she would get stressed or something.
Some time passed with my brother living in the city with Mary. He didn't come home for christmas.
And then in January, the baby was born. A boy. My brother became a teenage parent with a 29 year old who lied about her name, age, and fertility. My brother was not even remotely close to being ready for a child.
My parents and I never got to meet the child.
The four of us met up in the city for my brother's birthday in February. He chose the restaurant. It was in a super cheap chain restaurant. It was very sad.
My mum was convinced that the baby might not be his, and that the girl might have just got pregnant so that he would stay with her. The baby was conceived around when they broke up. He refused to get DNA test because it would be disrespectful for her. To be honest I think the baby does look like him, and my mum was just hoping that the baby wasn't his.
My brother had promised to stay in the country and not move to the US. In spring, my mum flew to her home country for a trip, and my brother actually came to the airport to say goodbye.
Only a few weeks later, we get an email from him. It says he's going on a 10 day trip around Europe with Mary and the baby, and immediately afterwards moving to the US. We had less than 24 hours of notice before he would leave.
I happened to be travelling through the city and he met me at the train station for 20 minutes. I haven't seen him since. He didn't see our dad. At the train station, I asked him if he was married. This was my parents' biggest nightmare. He said he was engaged.
Note that my parents had my brother's passport, and so he should not have been able to leave the country. We don't know how he did it, but he must have got a passport we guess. Either way, he must have known for months that he would be moving to the US and decided not to tell us. He gave us only a few hours notice before leaving, presumably so that we couldn't interfere.
And so he left.
He sent some pictures of him and Mary in the family whatsapp chat, but in general we wouldn't react much to them. Partially because we didn't really have a habit of posting/reacting to stuff in the family whatsapp, but it didn't help that my parents and I don't like Mary.
And then in around July, he sent us a wedding invitation for December. My mother kind of jokingly dismissed it saying things like "you're too young to get married" and "we'll come to the next one", and my dad and I didn't really address it.
My dad didn't intend to go to the wedding. My mother and I were considering doing it, but we would have to get visas for the US. We ended up doing that, which involved a trip to a US embassy in a foreign country and a couple hundred dollars. By the end of September, my mother and I had our visas and we told my brother we were planning on coming to the wedding. My mother is quite emotional and she was happy to accept Mary if it would mean that she could have her son back.
My brother then starts saying stuff like oh we're not sure if there'll be space at the wedding, and how things haven't been organised etc. He makes excuses and says we might not be able to make it. It soon became clear he had uninvited us. He said that it was so that there wouldn't be drama at the wedding.
And so nobody from my brother's family was invited to his wedding except for one person; an uncle who he hadn't seen in perhaps a decade (basically a stranger, my parents and that uncle don't really talk).
The uncle actually got in touch with us to ask for permission to go. He happened to be in the US anyway for work around the time of the wedding. We told him it was fine to go, partially so he could tell us if my brother was safe and happy.
The wedding went ahead. It felt strange to be uninvited to my brother's wedding. Remember the receptionist from the student accommodation block? The one who snitched on my parents - she was at the wedding.
The uncle told us how my brother appeared happy and how he also did not have a chance to speak to anyone one-to-one (including my brother), which we found suspicious. In a later call, my uncle said he thinks out attitude towards Mary is very negative and he said he doesn't want to be involved with my parents anymore; he literally said to my parents "I don't want to stay in touch".
And so my brother is married in the child in the US. His communication with us become more and more limited. He stopped replying to messages and emails, he removed me and my mum from social media, he blocked my mum on WhatsApp. He would sometimes reply to my messages.
But overall, he had pretty much cut us off. I feel very sorry for my parents, especially my mum who was so close to him.
Since he had dropped out of film school, my parents could get some of his tuition fees back. However, they need my brother's consent, and he hasn't formally given consent to the university.
We don't even know what messages are from him because he never calls us, and the writing style of his messages are different to what we expect. We suspect Mary controls some or all of his communications.
A few months ago, my mum was tidying up his room at home, and found a bag of sex toys under his bed. Remote controlled vibrator, lube, buttplug. Disgusting stuff for a parent to find. The toys would have been from when we didn't know they were together.
And that brings us to the present, and two days ago things got even worse. My parents got a call from the police in their country. They've been reported for harassment by my brother. My parents sent him a birthday card a few months ago (I asked my brother if he received it, and he said he hadn't, which leads me to believe that Mary did not let him receive it). My mum sends him messages every now and then, just to check up on him. She sent a somewhat dramatic email calling for "peace" in which she said she would accept him and Mary and the child. It was after this message that my brother reported my parents for harassment. We're still trying to understand the legality of this (it's not a restraining order, but we think it's a warning, which means that if they contact him again, they might be taken to court).
I think it's beyond ridiculous that the police are telling my parents are guilty of harassment for sending a birthday card and the occasional message. I've not been warned yet, so I can communicate with him (not that he often replies) but I can't relay messages from my parents. Annoyingly, this means my parents can't ask my brother to tell his film school to refund tuition fees, so that's a load of money that we might not get back.
My parents think Mary reported my parents for harassment just to get back at us.
This is all extremely sad. My parents, who are loving and caring, accepted someone into our house (for free), who proceeded to lie, get pregnant by deception, and pretty much steal my brother. He is now estranged from us and we have no way to check on his welfare. We don't know if he's got a job, as far as we know he lives with Mary's family (who are suspicious). My parents hope that one day he'll snap out of it and come back, but for now I'm a single child.

Summary As Of:	27MAY @ 23:59 GMT
Countries	229 + 2
Cases	689,395,038
Deaths	6,883,559
Recovered	661,786,844
Active Cases	20,724,635

^{Countries reporting new cases: 36}

^{Countries reporting new deaths: 15}

^{Countries reporting increased Active Cases: 19}

^{Countries reporting decreased Active Cases: 20}

Complete Chart

Data Source

	With Active cases	w/No Active cases	w/All cases rcvrd
Cntry’s	220	7	2
Cases	689,395,038	7	2
Deaths	6,883,559	264,065	0
Rcvrd	661,786,844	28,535,637	1,959

^{Past 7 day totals of new: cases, deaths, recoveries & actives. With 3 & 7 day averages.}

Date	Cases	Deaths	Rcvr’s	Actives
20MAY	29,235	111	143,665	20,774,073
21MAY	32,765	82	78,988	20,727,926
22MAY	28,280	340	20,607	20,762,512
23MAY	62,978	529	82,941	20,773,762
24MAY	47,903	218	72,936	20,766,482
25MAY	44,259	218	73,471	20,739,173
26MAY	36,972	181	43,505	20,732,459
3 Day Avg	43,045	206	63,304	20,746,038
7 Day Avg	40,342	240	73,730	20,753,770

27MAY	26,581	New COVID-19 Cases reported

^{Cases, Deaths, Actives by Continent}

Cont	Cases	Deaths	Actives
Europe	249,364,026	2,061,022	1,967,265
N A	126,699,806	1,633,266	2,480,699
Asia	217,429,790	1,546,523	14,764,427
S A	68,711,998	1,355,891	884,385
Africa	12,823,522	258,765	479,278
Oceania	14,365,175	28,077	148,581
World	689,395,038	6,883,559	20,724,635

Cont	Cases	Deaths	Actives
Europe	249,364,026	2,061,022	1,967,265
N A	126,699,806	1,633,266	2,480,699
Asia	217,429,790	1,546,523	14,764,427
S A	68,711,998	1,355,891	884,385
Africa	12,823,522	258,765	479,278
Oceania	14,365,175	28,077	148,581
World	689,395,038	6,883,559	20,724,635

^{Countries with Active Cases}

Country	Cases	Deaths	Recoveries	Actives
USA	107,085,763+	1,164,967+	105,158,714+	762,082-
India	44,988,916	531,856	44,451,353	5,707
France	40,077,607+	167,263	39,853,927+	56,417+
Germany	38,426,308+	174,247+	38,234,600+	17,461+
Brazil	37,579,028	702,664	36,249,161	627,203
Japan	33,803,572	74,694	N/A	N/A
S. Korea	31,646,973+	34,754+	31,272,840+	339,379-
Italy	25,857,572	190,392	25,545,397	121,783
UK	24,603,076	225,324	24,362,579+	15,173-
Russia	22,917,873	398,919	22,346,830	172,124
Turkey	17,232,066	102,174	N/A	N/A
Spain	13,868,227	121,213	13,697,426	49,588
Vietnam	11,609,537+	43,206	10,637,336+	928,995+
Australia	11,585,286+	20,879+	11,526,959+	37,448+
Argentina	10,054,251	130,509	9,922,301	1,441
Mexico	7,614,771	334,107	6,861,981	418,683
Iran	7,611,583+	146,253+	7,365,613+	99,717-
Indonesia	6,806,005+	161,733+	6,630,497+	13,775+
Poland	6,516,735+	119,609+	5,335,940	1,061,186+
Colombia	6,367,600	142,748	6,188,967	35,885
Austria	6,076,111	22,501	6,047,432	6,178
Greece	6,059,649	36,917	6,002,245+	20,487-
Portugal	5,585,859	26,701	5,554,918	4,240
Ukraine	5,549,708	112,315	5,426,042	11,351
Chile	5,287,288+	64,497	5,222,581+	210-
Malaysia	5,094,448	37,070	5,038,256	19,122
Israel	4,825,362	12,524	4,798,473	14,365
Belgium	4,799,107	34,336	4,758,680-	6,091+
Thailand	4,738,988	34,053	4,692,636	12,299
Canada	4,673,256	52,359	4,588,942	31,955
Czechia	4,641,994+	42,800+	4,598,280+	914-
Switzerland	4,405,433	14,452	4,387,986	2,995
Philippines	4,137,440+	66,466	4,054,778+	16,196-
South Africa	4,076,463	102,595	3,912,506	61,362
Romania	3,402,356	68,172	3,329,193	4,991
Denmark	3,181,808+	8,688+	3,172,616+	504-
Hong Kong	2,903,423+	13,792+	2,873,978+	15,653+
Sweden	2,709,830	24,353	2,682,351+	3,126-
Serbia	2,541,248+	18,051+	2,519,530+	3,667-
Iraq	2,465,545	25,375	2,439,497	673
Singapore	2,391,248	1,727	2,149,583	239,938
New Zealand	2,362,225	4,346	2,346,101	11,778
Hungary	2,202,716	48,868	2,151,299	2,549
Bangladesh	2,038,708	29,446	1,998,448	10,814
Slovakia	1,866,814	21,167	1,845,480	167
Georgia	1,842,046	17,070	1,776,548	48,428
Jordan	1,746,997	14,122	1,731,007	1,868
Ireland	1,712,113	8,960	1,701,342	1,811
Pakistan	1,580,992	30,660	1,538,689	11,643
Norway	1,484,448	5,435	1,478,019	994
Finland	1,479,608	9,676	1,465,513+	4,419-
Kazakhstan	1,411,831	13,848	1,383,020	14,963
Slovenia	1,343,943+	7,100	1,328,006	8,837+
Lithuania	1,320,300+	9,680	1,309,299+	1,321+
Bulgaria	1,307,209+	38,379+	1,266,926+	1,904-
Morocco	1,274,180	16,297	1,256,151	1,732
Croatia	1,273,671	18,246	1,255,129	296
Guatemala	1,251,981+	20,200	1,229,577+	2,204+
Lebanon	1,237,556	10,914	1,087,587	139,055
Costa Rica	1,230,552	9,366	860,711	360,475
Bolivia	1,198,858+	22,384+	1,168,071+	8,403+
Tunisia	1,153,261	29,415	N/A	N/A
Cuba	1,114,090+	8,530	1,105,352+	208-
UAE	1,067,030	2,349	1,054,525	10,156
Ecuador	1,061,766	36,019	1,025,081	666
Uruguay	1,038,774	7,634	1,030,944	196
Panama	1,038,642	8,623	1,029,434	585
Mongolia	1,008,655	2,179	1,005,859	617
Nepal	1,003,325+	12,031	991,259+	35+
Belarus	994,037	7,118	985,592	1,327
Latvia	977,891	6,344	971,406	141
Saudi Arabia	841,469	9,646	827,923	3,900
Azerbaijan	831,812+	10,273	821,451+	88
Paraguay	810,581+	19,931+	N/A	N/A
Bahrain	721,710+	1,563	719,938+	209-
Sri Lanka	672,430+	16,870	655,505+	55-
Kuwait	665,909	2,570	660,237	3,102
Dominican Republic	661,176	4,384	644,785	12,007
Myanmar	638,564+	19,494	617,547+	1,523-
Palestine	621,008	5,404	615,445	159
Moldova	620,519	12,118	504,142	104,259
Estonia	618,782	3,001	524,990	90,791
Venezuela	552,695	5,856	546,537	302
Egypt	516,023	24,613	442,182	49,228
Qatar	512,936	690	511,587	659
Libya	507,262	6,437	500,818	7
China	503,302	5,272	379,053	118,977
Ethiopia	500,890+	7,574	488,120	5,196+
Réunion	486,588	921	418,572	67,095
Honduras	472,619	11,116	N/A	N/A
Armenia	449,169	8,750	435,162	5,257
Bosnia and Herzegovina	402,940	16,346	379,084	7,510
Oman	399,449	4,628	384,669	10,152
North Macedonia	348,281	9,677	337,068	1,536
Zambia	343,995	4,058	339,858	79
Kenya	343,074	5,688	337,309	77
Albania	334,726	3,602	329,428	1,696
Botswana	329,862	2,801	327,049	12
Luxembourg	319,959	1,232	316,690	2,037
Brunei	303,719	225	243,601	59,893
Montenegro	291,853	2,827	288,546	480
Algeria	271,835+	6,881	183,045+	81,909+
Nigeria	266,675	3,155	259,953	3,567
Zimbabwe	264,848	5,690	258,888	270
Uzbekistan	253,662	1,637	241,486	10,539
Mozambique	233,417	2,243	228,805	2,369
Martinique	229,975	1,102	N/A	N/A
Afghanistan	221,161+	7,914+	197,010+	16,237-
Laos	218,225+	758	N/A	N/A
Iceland	209,191	229	N/A	N/A
Kyrgyzstan	206,890	2,991	196,406	7,493
Guadeloupe	202,836	1,017	N/A	N/A
El Salvador	201,785	4,230	179,410	18,145
Trinidad and Tobago	191,496	4,390	187,078	28
Maldives	186,625	315	163,687	22,623
Ghana	171,657	1,462	170,161	34
Namibia	171,310	4,091	167,099	120
Uganda	170,775	3,632	100,431	66,712
Jamaica	154,993	3,549	102,964	48,480
Cambodia	138,766+	3,056	135,683+	27+
Rwanda	133,194	1,468	131,647	79
Cameroon	125,036	1,972	122,807	257
Malta	118,677	836	117,305	536
Barbados	107,794	593	106,971	230
Angola	105,384	1,934	103,419	31
Channel Islands	101,717	228	101,321	168
French Guiana	98,041	420	11,254	86,367
DRC	96,652	1,467	84,489	10,696
Senegal	88,997	1,971	87,024	2
Malawi	88,728	2,686	85,651	391
Ivory Coast	88,330	834	87,492	4
Suriname	82,513	1,405	N/A	N/A
New Caledonia	79,922	314	79,605	3
French Polynesia	78,569	649	N/A	N/A
Eswatini	74,670	1,425	73,116	129
Guyana	73,207	1,298	71,880	29
Belize	70,782	688	70,085	9
Fiji	68,921	883	67,029	1,009
Madagascar	68,281	1,424	66,846	11
Sudan	63,993	5,046	58,683+	264-
Cabo Verde	63,908+	414	63,357+	137+
Mauritania	63,715	997	62,471	247
Bhutan	62,670	21	61,564	1,085
Syria	57,608+	3,164	54,370	74+
Burundi	53,751	38	53,569	144
Seychelles	50,937	172	50,750	15
Gabon	48,992	307	48,674	11
Andorra	48,015	165	47,563	287
Papua New Guinea	46,864	670	43,982	2,212
Curaçao	45,986	295	44,720	971
Aruba	44,180	236	42,438	1,506
Tanzania	43,078	846	N/A	N/A
Mauritius	42,518+	1,049	40,740+	729-
Mayotte	42,027	188	N/A	N/A
Togo	39,497	290	39,203	4
Guinea	38,563	468	37,757	338
Bahamas	38,084	844	36,366	874
Isle of Man	38,008	116	N/A	N/A
Lesotho	34,790	723	25,980	8,087
Faeroe Islands	34,658	28	N/A	N/A
Haiti	34,246	860	33,361	25
Mali	33,148	743	32,331	74
Cayman Islands	31,472	37	8,553	22,882
Saint Lucia	30,052	409	29,095	548
Benin	28,014	163	27,847	4
Somalia	27,334	1,361	13,182	12,791
Micronesia	26,458	65	N/A	N/A
Congo	25,375	386	24,006	983
Solomon Islands	24,575	153	N/A	N/A
San Marino	24,263	125	24,117	21
Timor-Leste	23,444	138	23,102	204
Burkina Faso	22,056	396	21,596	64
Liechtenstein	21,446	94	21,350	2
Gibraltar	20,550	113	16,579	3,858
Grenada	19,693	238	19,358	97
Bermuda	18,860	165	18,685	10
Nicaragua	18,491	225	4,225	14,041
South Sudan	18,368	138	18,115	115
Tajikistan	17,786	125	17,264	397
Equatorial Guinea	17,229	183	16,907	139
Tonga	16,817	13	15,638	1,166
Monaco	16,789	67	15,992	730
Samoa	16,763	31	1,605	15,127
Marshall Islands	16,081	17	15,954	110
Dominica	15,760	74	15,673	13
Djibouti	15,690	189	15,427	74
CAR	15,368	113	15,200	55
Gambia	12,626	372	12,189	65
Saint Martin	12,303	63	1,399	10,841
Vanuatu	12,016	14	11,976	26
Greenland	11,971	21	2,761	9,189
Yemen	11,945	2,159	9,124	662
Caribbean Netherlands	11,682	38	10,476	1,168
Sint Maarten	11,030	92	10,905	33
Niger	9,931	312	8,890	729
St. Vincent Grenadines	9,631	124	9,493	14
Guinea-Bissau	9,614	177	8,929	508
Comoros	9,109	161	8,939	9
Antigua and Barbuda	9,106	146	8,954	6
Liberia	8,090	295	7,783	12
Sierra Leone	7,762	126	N/A	N/A
Chad	7,701	194	4,874	2,633
British Virgin Islands	7,305	64	N/A	N/A
Cook Islands	7,120	2	7,106	12
Saint Kitts and Nevis	6,602	48	6,552	2
Turks and Caicos	6,588	38	6,529	21
Sao Tome and Principe	6,586	80	6,500	6
Palau	6,009	9	5,998	2
St. Barth	5,494	6	N/A	N/A
Nauru	5,393	1	5,347	45
Kiribati	5,027	24	2,703	2,300
Anguilla	3,904	12	3,879	13
Macao	3,620	121	3,487	12
Wallis and Futuna	3,508	7	438	3,063
Saint Pierre Miquelon	3,452	2	2,449	1,001
Tuvalu	2,805	0	0	2,805
Saint Helena	2,166	0	2	2,164
Montserrat	1,403	8	1,376	19
Niue	811+	0	802	9+
Tokelau	5	0	0	5
Total:	689,395,038	6,883,559	661,786,844	20,724,635

^{Countries with no active cases: 2}

Country	Cases	Deaths	Rcvrd
Falkland Islands	1,930	0	1,930
Vatican City	29	0	29
2 Total:	1,959	0	1,959

^{Countries with all cases rcvrd: 7}

Country	Cases	Deaths	Rcvrd
Cyprus	660,854	1,364	659,490
DPRK	4,772,813	74	4,772,739
Eritrea	10,189	103	10,086
Netherlands	8,610,372	22,992	8,587,380
Peru	4,505,466	220,526	4,284,940
Taiwan	10,239,998	19,005	10,220,993
Western Sahara	10	1	9
Total:	28,799,702	264,065	28,535,637

^{International Conveyances: 2}

Class	Cases	Deaths	Rcvrd
Diamond Princess	712	13	699
MS Zaandam	9	2	7
2 Total:	721	15	706

^{Countries/Territories who do not report Active or Recovery case numbers: 19}

Country/Territory		Total: 19
British Virgin Islands	Faeroe Islands	French Polynesia
Guadeloupe	Honduras	Iceland
Isle of Man	Laos	Martinique
Mayotte	Micronesia	Paraguay
Sierra Leone	Solomon Islands	St. Barth
Suriname	Tanzania	Tunisia
Turkey

Travelling to Japan next january
Planning to go to Japan for winter with my family.it will be 6 of us including 2 woman in ther late 50s.trip will be around 14-15 days.planning to visit tohoku region and fit in hakodate.will be using the jr pass for 14 days.
1/23

• Land at narita airport around 7am.will take express,bullet train and and jr nikkou line to Nikko.

-will probably go take a look at shinkyo bridge and toshogu shrine
1/24

• akechidaira ropeway and maybe ryuzu waterfall

1/25

• free day

1/26
-will now move to Sendai via utsunomiya and then bullet train.
-will visit Sendai castle and zuihoden mausoleum
1/27
-zuiganji temple,Matsushita cruise and fukuura island
1/28

• free day

1/29

• moving from Sendai to aomori via bullet train. -maybe take a look at the aquarium?

1/30
-hirosaki tower -hirosaki park
1/31
-hakkoda ropeway
2/1
-moving now to Hakodate via bullet train and Hakodate liner
-goryokaku park -goryokaku tower -mt Hakodate ropeway
2/2
-hakodate orthodox church -onuma quasi national park
2/3

• free day

2/4
-train back to Tokyo
2/5
-leave japan from Narita airport
First time noob here so hopefully you veterans can give me advice on this itinerary.thanks.also heard about the price increase.ive seen online that I can book around 6 months in advance?found this on jprail.com,"Yes, orders can be placed as far as 180 days before travel commences with the Japan Rail Pass. Exchange orders with a lead time more than 3 months will be dispatched closer to your travel date."

Longest word in English List of longest words in the English language
The identity of the longest word in English depends on the definition of a word and of length.
Words may be derived naturally from the language's roots or formed by coinage and construction. Additionally, comparisons are complicated because place names may be considered words, technical terms may be arbitrarily long, and the addition of suffixes and prefixes may extend the length of words to create grammatically correct but unused or novel words.
The length of a word may also be understood in multiple ways. Most commonly, length is based on orthography (conventional spelling rules) and counting the number of written letters. Alternate, but less common, approaches include phonology (the spoken language) and the number of phonemes (sounds).
More information Word, Letters ... Major dictionaries The longest word in any of the major English language dictionaries is pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis (45 letters), a word that refers to a lung disease contracted from the inhalation of very fine silica particles, specifically from a volcano; medically, it is the same as silicosis. The word was deliberately coined to be the longest word in English, and has since been used[citation needed] in a close approximation of its originally intended meaning, lending at least some degree of validity to its claim.
The Oxford English Dictionary contains pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (30 letters).
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary does not contain antidisestablishmentarianism (28 letters), as the editors found no widespread, sustained usage of the word in its original meaning. The longest word in that dictionary is electroencephalographically (27 letters).
The longest non-technical word in major dictionaries is flocci­nauci­nihili­pili­fication at 29 letters. Consisting of a series of Latin words meaning "nothing" and defined as "the act of estimating something as worthless"; its usage has been recorded as far back as 1741.
Ross Eckler has noted that most of the longest English words are not likely to occur in general text, meaning non-technical present-day text seen by casual readers, in which the author did not specifically intend to use an unusually long word. According to Eckler, the longest words likely to be encountered in general text are deinstitutionalization and counterrevolutionaries, with 22 letters each.
A computer study of over a million samples of normal English prose found that the longest word one is likely to encounter on an everyday basis is uncharacteristically, at 20 letters.
The word internationalization is abbreviated "i18n", the embedded number representing the number of letters between the first and the last.
Creations of long words Coinages In his play Assemblywomen (Ecclesiazousae), the ancient Greek comedic playwright Aristophanes created a word of 171 letters (183 in the transliteration below), which describes a dish by stringing together its ingredients:
Lopadotemachoselachogaleokranioleipsanodrimhypotrimmatosilphiokarabomelitokatakechymenokichlepikossyphophattoperisteralektryonoptekephalliokigklopeleiolagoiosiraiobaphetraganopterygon. Henry Carey's farce Chrononhotonthologos (1743) holds the opening line: "Aldiborontiphoscophornio! Where left you Chrononhotonthologos?"
Thomas Love Peacock put these creations into the mouth of the phrenologist Mr. Cranium in his 1816 book Headlong Hall: osteosarchaematosplanchnochondroneuromuelous (44 characters) and osseocarnisanguineoviscericartilaginonervomedullary (51 characters).
James Joyce made up nine 100-letter words plus one 101-letter word in his novel Finnegans Wake, the most famous of which is Bababadalgharaghtakamminarronnkonnbronntonnerronntuonnthunntrovarrhounawnskawntoohoohoordenenthurnuk. Appearing on the first page, it allegedly represents the symbolic thunderclap associated with the fall of Adam and Eve. As it appears nowhere else except in reference to this passage, it is generally not accepted as a real word. Sylvia Plath made mention of it in her semi-autobiographical novel The Bell Jar, when the protagonist was reading Finnegans Wake.
"Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious", the 34-letter title of a song from the movie Mary Poppins, does appear in several dictionaries, but only as a proper noun defined in reference to the song title. The attributed meaning is "a word that you say when you don't know what to say." The idea and invention of the word is credited to songwriters Robert and Richard Sherman.
Agglutinative constructions The English language permits the legitimate extension of existing words to serve new purposes by the addition of prefixes and suffixes. This is sometimes referred to as agglutinative construction. This process can create arbitrarily long words: for example, the prefixes pseudo (false, spurious) and anti (against, opposed to) can be added as many times as desired. More familiarly, the addition of numerous "great"s to a relative, such as "great-great-great-great-grandparent", can produce words of arbitrary length. In musical notation, an 8192nd note may be called a semihemidemisemihemidemisemihemidemisemiquaver.
Antidisestablishmentarianism is the longest common example of a word formed by agglutinative construction.
Technical terms Para­stratio­sphe­com­yia stratio­sphe­com­yioi­des A number of scientific naming schemes can be used to generate arbitrarily long words.
The IUPAC nomenclature for organic chemical compounds is open-ended, giving rise to the 189,819-letter chemical name Methionyl­threonylthreonyl . . . iso­leucine for the protein also known as titin, which is involved in striated muscle formation. In nature, DNA molecules can be much bigger than protein molecules and therefore potentially be referred to with much longer chemical names. For example, the wheat chromosome 3B contains almost 1 billion base pairs, so the sequence of one of its strands, if written out in full like Adenilyl­adenilyl­guanilyl­cystidylthymidyl . . . , would be about 8 billion letters long. The longest published word, Acetyl­seryl­tyrosyl­seryliso . . . serine, referring to the coat protein of a certain strain of tobacco mosaic virus (P03575), is 1,185 letters long, and appeared in the American Chemical Society's Chemical Abstracts Service in 1964 and 1966. In 1965, the Chemical Abstracts Service overhauled its naming system and started discouraging excessively long names. In 2011, a dictionary broke this record with a 1909-letter word describing the trpA protein (P0A877).
John Horton Conway and Landon Curt Noll developed an open-ended system for naming powers of 10, in which one sexmillia­quingent­sexagin­tillion, coming from the Latin name for 6560, is the name for 103(6560+1) = 1019683. Under the long number scale, it would be 106(6560) = 1039360.
Gammara­canthus­kyto­dermo­gammarus lori­cato­baica­lensis is sometimes cited as the longest binomial name—it is a kind of amphipod. However, this name, proposed by B. Dybowski, was invalidated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature in 1929 after being petitioned by Mary J. Rathbun to take up the case.
Myxococcus llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogochensis is the longest accepted binomial name for an organism. It is a bacterium found in soil collected at Llan­fair­pwll­gwyn­gyll­ (discussed below). Parastratiosphecomyia stratiosphecomyioides is the longest accepted binomial name for any animal, or any organism visible with the naked eye. It is a species of soldier fly. The genus name Parapropalaehoplophorus (a fossil glyptodont, an extinct family of mammals related to armadillos) is two letters longer, but does not contain a similarly long species name.
Aequeo­salino­calcalino­ceraceo­aluminoso­cupreo­vitriolic, at 52 letters, describing the spa waters at Bath, England, is attributed to Dr. Edward Strother (1675–1737). The word is composed of the following elements:
Aequeo: equal (Latin, aequo) Salino: containing salt (Latin, salinus) Calcalino: calcium (Latin, calx) Ceraceo: waxy (Latin, cera) Aluminoso: alumina (Latin) Cupreo: from "copper" Vitriolic: resembling vitriol Notable long words Place names The sign at Taumata­whakatangihanga­koauau­o­tamatea­turi­pukaka­piki­maunga­horo­nuku­pokai­whenua­ki­tana­tahu The station sign at Llan­fair­pwll­gwyn­gyll­gogery­chwyrn­drob­wlll­lanty­silio­gogo­goch in North Wales Main article: List of long place names The longest officially recognized place name in an English-speaking country is Taumata­whakatangihanga­koauau­o­tamatea­turi­pukaka­piki­maunga­horo­nuku­pokai­whenua­ki­tana­tahu (85 letters), which is a hill in New Zealand. The name is in the Māori language. A widely recognized version of the name is Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu (85 letters), which appears on the signpost at the location (see the photo on this page). In Māori, the digraphs ng and wh are each treated as single letters.
In Canada, the longest place name is Dysart, Dudley, Harcourt, Guilford, Harburn, Bruton, Havelock, Eyre and Clyde, a township in Ontario, at 61 letters or 68 non-space characters.
The 58-letter name Llan­fair­pwll­gwyn­gyll­gogery­chwyrn­drob­wlll­lanty­silio­gogo­goch is the name of a town on Anglesey, an island of Wales. In terms of the traditional Welsh alphabet, the name is only 51 letters long, as certain digraphs in Welsh are considered as single letters, for instance ll, ng and ch. It is generally agreed, however, that this invented name, adopted in the mid-19th century, was contrived solely to be the longest name of any town in Britain. The official name of the place is Llanfairpwllgwyngyll, commonly abbreviated to Llanfairpwll or Llanfair PG.
The longest non-contrived place name in the United Kingdom which is a single non-hyphenated word is Cottonshopeburnfoot (19 letters) and the longest which is hyphenated is Sutton-under-Whitestonecliffe (29 characters).
The longest place name in the United States (45 letters) is Char­gogga­gogg­man­chau­ggagogg­chau­buna­gunga­maugg, a lake in Webster, Massachusetts. It means "Fishing Place at the Boundaries – Neutral Meeting Grounds" and is sometimes facetiously translated as "you fish your side of the water, I fish my side of the water, nobody fishes the middle". The lake is also known as Webster Lake. The longest hyphenated names in the U.S. are Winchester-on-the-Severn, a town in Maryland, and Washington-on-the-Brazos, a notable place in Texas history. The longest single-word town names in the U.S. are Kleinfeltersville, Pennsylvania and Mooselookmeguntic, Maine.
The longest official geographical name in Australia is Ma­mungku­kumpu­rang­kunt­junya. It has 26 letters and is a Pitjantjatjara word meaning "where the Devil urinates".
Liechtenstein is the longest country name with single name in English. The second longest country name with single name in English is Turkmenistan. There are longer country names if one includes ones with spaces.
See also: List of short place names Personal names Guinness World Records formerly contained a category for longest personal name used.
From about 1975 to 1985, the recordholder was Adolph Blaine Charles David Earl Frederick Gerald Hubert Irvin John Kenneth Lloyd Martin Nero Oliver Paul Quincy Randolph Sherman Thomas Uncas Victor William Xerxes Yancy Zeus Wolfe­schlegelstein­hausenberger­dorffvoraltern­waren­gewissenhaft­schaferswessen­schafewaren­wohlgepflege­und­sorgfaltigkeit­beschutzen­von­angreifen­durch­ihrraubgierigfeinde­welche­voraltern­zwolftausend­jahres­vorandieerscheinen­wander­ersteer­dem­enschderraumschiff­gebrauchlicht­als­sein­ursprung­von­kraftgestart­sein­lange­fahrt­hinzwischen­sternartigraum­auf­der­suchenach­diestern­welche­gehabt­bewohnbar­planeten­kreise­drehen­sich­und­wohin­der­neurasse­von­verstandigmen­schlichkeit­konnte­fortplanzen­und­sicher­freuen­anlebens­langlich­freude­und­ruhe­mit­nicht­ein­furcht­vor­angreifen­von­anderer­intelligent­geschopfs­von­hinzwischen­sternartigraum, Senior (746 letters), also known as Wolfe+585, Senior. After 1985 Guinness briefly awarded the record to a newborn girl with a longer name. The category was removed shortly afterward. Long birth names are often coined in protest of naming laws or for other personal reasons.
The naming law in Sweden was challenged by parents Lasse Diding and Elisabeth Hallin, who proposed the given name "Brfxxccxxmnpcccclllmmnprxvclmnckssqlbb11116" for their child (pronounced [ˈǎlːbɪn], 43 characters), which was rejected by a district court in Halmstad, southern Sweden. Words with certain characteristics of notable length Main article: List of the longest English words with one syllable Schmaltzed and strengthed (10 letters) appear to be the longest monosyllabic words recorded in The Oxford English Dictionary, while scraunched and scroonched appear to be the longest monosyllabic words recorded in Webster's Third New International Dictionary; but squirrelled (11 letters) is the longest if pronounced as one syllable only (as permitted in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary at squirrel, and in Longman Pronunciation Dictionary). Schtroumpfed (12 letters) was coined by Umberto Eco, while broughammed (11 letters) was coined by William Harmon after broughamed (10 letters) was coined by George Bernard Shaw. Strengths is the longest word in the English language containing only one vowel letter. Euouae, a medieval musical term, is the longest English word consisting only of vowels, and the word with the most consecutive vowels. However, the "word" itself is simply a mnemonic consisting of the vowels to be sung in the phrase "seculorum Amen" at the end of the lesser doxology. (Although u was often used interchangeably with v, and the variant "Evovae" is occasionally used, the v in these cases would still be a vowel.) The longest words with no repeated letters are dermatoglyphics and uncopyrightable. The longest word whose letters are in alphabetical order is the eight-letter Aegilops, a grass genus. However, this is arguably a proper noun. There are several six-letter English words with their letters in alphabetical order, including abhors, almost, begins, biopsy, chimps and chintz. There are few 7-letter words, such as "billowy" and "beefily". The longest words whose letters are in reverse alphabetical order are sponged, wronged and trollied. The longest words recorded in OED with each vowel only once, and in order, are abstemiously, affectiously, and tragediously (OED). Fracedinously and gravedinously (constructed from adjectives in OED) have thirteen letters; Gadspreciously, constructed from Gadsprecious (in OED), has fourteen letters. Facetiously is among the few other words directly attested in OED with single occurrences of all six vowels (counting y as a vowel). The longest single palindromic word in English is rotavator, another name for a rotary tiller for breaking and aerating soil. Typed words The longest words typable with only the left hand using conventional hand placement on a QWERTY keyboard are tesseradecades, aftercataracts, dereverberated, dereverberates and the more common but sometimes hyphenated sweaterdresses. Using the right hand alone, the longest word that can be typed is johnny-jump-up, or, excluding hyphens, monimolimnion and phyllophyllin. The longest English word typable using only the top row of letters has 11 letters: rupturewort. The word teetertotter (used in North American English) is longer at 12 letters, although it is usually spelled with a hyphen. The longest using only the middle row is shakalshas (10 letters). Nine-letter words include flagfalls; eight-letter words include galahads and alfalfas. Since the bottom row contains no vowels, no standard words can be formed. The longest words typable by alternating left and right hands are antiskepticism and leucocytozoans respectively. On a Dvorak keyboard, the longest "left-handed" words are epopoeia, jipijapa, peekapoo, and quiaquia. Other such long words are papaya, Kikuyu, opaque, and upkeep. Kikuyu is typed entirely with the index finger, and so the longest one-fingered word on the Dvorak keyboard. There are no vowels on the right-hand side, and so the longest "right-handed" word is crwths. See also Lipogram List of long species names List of the longest English words with one syllable Longest English sentence Longest word in French Longest word in Romanian Longest word in Spanish Longest word in Turkish Number of words in English Scriptio continua Sesquipedalianism Donau­dampf­schiffahrts­elektrizitäten­haupt­betriebs­werk­bau­unter­beamten­gesellschaft, longest published word in German.

I found some really interesting and informative articles written by historians about the cause of anti- Welsh prejudice in early Saxon England. If you don't want to read the whole post, there's a TLDR and a quote summary.
I've quoted from the various articles and essays and linked the full articles at the end.
(As you are probably aware 'Welsh' is the name given by the Saxons to native Britons. The terms 'native Briton' and 'Britons' and 'Welsh' are used interchangeably in the articles, but mean the same thing. The Norman invasion worsened prejudice against the Welsh living in Wales, but their prejudice against the Welsh was rooted in a different motivation.)
This refers to the era from when the Saxons first came to Britain and Britons/ Welsh lived in English society up until the 10th century, after which 'Welsh' people were no longer recognised as a separate group in England.
TLDR:

• Anti- Briton/ Welsh prejudice in this era was caused by a belief system that justified the Saxons colonising and replacing the Briton/ Welsh population during the 5th century. It included religious elements such as believing the Britons were 'fallen people underserving of their land' and the Anglo- Saxons where 'chosen people' sent as a divine retribution to punish the Britons and to take their land. Essentially the 'Welsh' were demonised and 'othered' in order to justify treating them badly and taking their land, and to elevate the Saxons- '

the British (Welsh) needed to be very evil, perpetrators of terrible sins and devoid of moral scruple, for the English treatment of them to be unproblematic' 1

• Briton language and culture was quickly replaced by Saxon language and culture in England.
• Surviving Briton people in England were slaves and were assimilated.
• Laws which valued Saxon/ English life more than a 'Welshman'.
• Negative stereotypes were rife in Anglo Saxon writing, Britons/ Welsh people frequently portrayed as 'dark' in contrast to the Saxons.
• Brittonic/ Welsh language portrayed as 'demonic,' 'gibberish'.
• 'Welsh' went from meaning 'Romanised foreigner' to 'slave' and other uses such as 'inferior' (i.e 'Weala win' meaning inferior wine), 'strange', 'impudent', 'shameless'
• Anglo-Saxonism (a racial superiority belief system that began in the 19th century) was used by some as a way to justify colonising other countries and the treatment of Native American people.

Summary of the attitudes of the Saxons/ English towards the native Britons/ Welsh. This is taken from an essay written by English historian Dr Debby Banham.

In Anglo-Saxon society, the killing of Britons was less harshly punished than killing Anglo-Saxons, the British had to live under English law, and British ethnic identity was identified with unfree social status, in a world where social inferiors were believed to be literally lower or worse people than their superiors. To summarise Anglo-Saxon attitudes to the British as represented by the documentary and linguistic evidence, it seems that Anglo-Saxon writers could make almost any derogatory generalisation about the Britons, represent them as objects rather than social agents, blame them for their own defeat, and depict their territory as up for grabs. Can Anglo-Saxon attitudes be described as racist?1
They believed that one race, their own, was superior to another, the British. They were antagonistic, and their antagonism resulted in, or served to justify, the subordination of the British and their eventual absorption. I have no hesitation in identifying these attitudes as racist.1
I see a continuity in English racism from the Anglo-Saxon landings, through the establishment of English hegemony, up to the present day. Belief in their own superiority has always served the English well in their expansionist aims. They did not need the Empire to make them racist. They could manage it quite well when they had only the British to practise on.1
Anglo- Saxon attitudes: The origins of English racism

Brief history
Briton tribes lived all over the British isle.
Before and during the Roman occupation, Britain was raided and invaded by several groups including the Irish and the Scots (the Scoti were a tribe from Ireland who colonised the north and created Scotland later on). It's even mentioned in the Declaration of Arbroath that the Scots had 'thrown out the Britons and completely destroyed the Picts '(Picts were a tribe living in north Britain).
After the Romans left Britain the island was left undefended and Scots invasions continued to get worse. The Romans had banned weapons so the Britons were not used to warfare.
The Saxons ended up in Britain, there are a few theories of how - one theory is that the Britons hired Saxon mercenaries (which was quite a common thing to do back then) to fight off the Scots invaders, but the Saxon mercenaries turned against the Britons and began raiding the island and encouraged others from the mainland to come to Britain.
Over time, Saxons, Angles (Angleland= England) and Jutes arrived in Britain and warred with the Britons with the intention of taking their land. And the Scots took land too- this is why there are so many Welsh sounding names in Scotland, Yr Hen Ogledd became part of Strathclyde
The Britons/ Welsh gradually lost more and more land and England was established, the land we now call 'Wales' is all they could keep hold of.
There has been a long debate about the fate of the native Britons, and this archeology article discusses the 2022 DNA study and what it likely means in terms of 'population replacement' of the native Britons. And would go to explain why Brittonic language and culture was replaced so quickly by Saxon culture. And why the Britons/ Welsh disappeared in England.
The Anglo Saxon Chronicle details the many of the wars between the Saxons and native Britons from the 5th century. And this a more comprehensive list. It details the actions and attitudes of the Saxons towards the Britons- wars, 'taking towns and wealth', describing the Britons as 'worthless'.
Attitudes of the Saxon settlers towards the native Britons.
Gildas was a Romanised Briton monk who lived AD 450/500 – 570 and lived in Ystrad Clud, or where we now call Strathclyde. He wrote about the events leading up to the Saxons coming to Britain.
Bede (AD 672/3 – 735) was an English monk and author and lived in where we would now call Tyne and Wear. He is seen as the 'Father of English history'.
He wrote extensively about the Saxons arrival in Britain in the Ecclesiastical History of the English People. He also wrote a lot about the Briton people.
He is credited as creating a common identity for the English nation. He believed that the Saxons were justified in colonising Britain and replacing the native Briton population and saw the Saxons as divine retribution for the 'wickedness' of the Briton people.

When the Anglo-Saxons arrived in what was to become England, they no more entered an empty wilderness than did the first Israelis in Palestine, or the first European settlers in America. 1
It is questionable whether they would have been able to use it as effectively if they had believed that the indigenous British had a right to live on their land.1
For Bede, a believer in a loving and forgiving God, the British needed to be very evil, perpetrators of terrible sins and devoid of moral scruple, for the English treatment of them to be unproblematic, let alone a suitable subject for his glorifying narrative. 1
Bede is as far as we know the originator of this idea: he created a common identity for the Germanic settlers, and provided them with a history to be proud of. He defined his 'people' to a large extent by contrast with other groups in Britain.1
But it is the British, with whom the English had most contact, who most consistently act as a foil for them, by lacking precisely those virtues the English are supposed to possess. Where the English are industrious and brave, they are lazy and cowardly; where the English are God-fearing and obedient to Rome, the British, even when Christian, behave like pagans, and obstinately cling to their doctrinal independence. They are incapable of doing anything for themselves except fall into vice.1
For Bede, the function of the British is to be invaded, by the Romans, the Picts and Scots, and finally the English. 1
It was not only legitimate, but necessary to feel and to propagate hatred for the enemy.1

This is from the Anglo Saxon Chronicle

They (the Saxons) described the worthlessness of the Britons, and the richness of the land.

And

Bede suggests that the status of the English as a chosen people is conditional on the English staying faithful to God. He uses the example of the Britons' fall from grace into heresy to illustrate the penalty of breaking this (unwritten) covenant. Bede situates the chosen people in its very own promised land, an idealised Brittania overflowing with God's gifts. The English initially arrive in Britain as an agent of divine retribution against the Britons, whom Bede represents as a fallen nation and a failed chosen people. The English are represented as the Britons' successors, a 'foreknown' people. Their kings are represented as guardians of a covenant, responsible for protecting the people, not only from military threats but also from apostasy and spiritual decay. 2
Bede's representation of the English as a chosen people is clear from the very beginning of Historia ecclesiastica. Bede begins his history by establishing Brittania as an echo of the promised land of Canaan, and its original inhabitants, the Britons, as unworthy keepers of that land. Following the sixth-century British author Gildas, he represents the Britons as a chosen people gone astray, having fallen into heresy, lethargy and vice. He departs from Gildas by picturing the English not as a mindless barbarian horde, but as the successors to the British. 2
Gildas is often referred to as the British Jeremiah, a prophet crying out against the iniquities of his own people. For Gildas, the Britons failed to maintain their covenantal relationship with their creator, so the blessing of the 'promised land' is threatened with destruction.
Bede takes up Gildas' criticism wholeheartedly. For Bede, the Britons were nothing less than rebels against God:
They cast off Christ's easy yoke and thrust their necks under the burden of drunkenness, hatred, quarrelling, strife, and envy ... [They] could not be awakened from the spiritual death which their sins had brought upon them."
This judgement sets the stage for the arrival of the Saxons as retribution for the Britons' waywardness, "ordained by the will of God so that evil might fall upon those miscreants." 2
Bede saw the English as the new Chosen People. 8

Interestingly, Bede praised the Irish

Bede represents the British as a failed nation; their punishment was to be overthrown and outshone by the invading English, and as Bede elucidates here, they continue (at the time of Historia ecclesiasticals completion) to dwell apart from the true church. The Irish, on the other hand, were chosen as one of the "worthier heralds" who would bring the gospel to the English, and as a result were forgiven for their heterodox ideas about Easter and the tonsure.2

Villainising the Britons for defending themselves against Saxon colonisers

Cadwallon, king of Gwynedd is presented as little short of a monster. His resistance to Edwin of Northumbria, who had conquered his people, is represented as rebellion, and is described as 'more savage than a pagan', 'barbarous in temperament and behaviour'. 1
The justification for this is that 'he (Cadwallon) was set upon wiping out the whole English people in Britain'. If this were a true portrayal of Cadwallon's motivation and actions, it would hardly be surprising, but it reads more like a projection onto their victims of the English attitude to the Britons.1

How the native Britons/ Welsh were portrayed in Anglo Saxon literature
In Felix' Life of Guthlac, St Guthlac encounters demonic apparitions, and they are portrayed as 'speaking Brittonic' i.e the Welsh language.

In this society, the assimilating Britons may well have been seen as ‘guests from elsewhere’ (while obviously indigenous) in the Anglo-Saxon households or communities that integrated them as people belonging to a different category – socially and ethnically, but also perhaps racially. Indeed, the Britons are treated as racial others in both Felix’s Vita Guthlaci and Guthlac A. As Jeffrey Jerome Cohen argues, ‘Guthlac’s colonization of the demons’ cherished home’ (the Fenlands, much like the home of the Grendelkin) not only ‘re-enacts in miniature the dispossession of that very territory’ by the Germanic tribes settling there in the fifth century. 3
In a chapter entitled in the Old English translation ‘Hu þa deofla on brytisc spræcon’ (How the devils spoke in Brittonic), the Vita Guthlaci narrates that just as the Welsh are invading Mercia from the west during the reign of King Coenred, in the Fens a crowd of demons ‘impersonates a band of British marauders and sets fire to Guthlac’s dwelling, attacking him with spears’. Guthlac chants a psalm and the demon-Britons vanish ‘velut fumus’ (like smoke), potentially a symbolic parallel to the ‘powerful and attractive group fantasy’ of a Mercian ‘manifest destiny’ entitling it to conquer British lands while their inhabitants simply vanished.3

And

His settlement enacts a fantasy of manifest destiny, displacing the ethnic violence at Mercia's border to an internal space where a triumph can be spectacularly staged over external and internal difference simultaneously. Representing the Britons as banished demons and Guthlac as a man singularly in possession of himself offers a culturally useful fantasy of a male body whose identity is uncomplex, internally imperturbable. Guthlac's stabilitas -- his immobile, granite-like, and unconflicted subjectivity -- embodies everything Anglo-Saxon England in general and eighth century Mercia in particular as potentially corporate identities were not. .4

How the Anglo Saxons racialised the native Britons in literature/ riddles as 'dark' and demonic and animalised

The Britons are clearly racialized in the Anglo-Saxon imaginary, belonging to a system of racial categorization in which several categories intersected: bodily distinction (Britons described repeatedly as sweart [dark]), language (Welsh as demonic speech in Guthlac or as incomprehensible gibberish in Ælfric*), and social status (according to the Laws of Ine and the economic consequences thereof, also evident in the very term wealh and its entire lexical field of derogatory connotations). 3
Nina Rulon-Miller brought to light the constellation in which the few Welsh personae to appear in the Exeter Book riddles are placed – it consists of oxen, the concepts of yoking or fettering, dark skin, and the borderland. For instance, in Riddle 72, an ox tended by a ‘sweart hyrde’ (dark herdsman) – compare the ‘sweart ond saloneb’ (black and dark-faced) servant in Riddle 49 – is ‘bunden under beam’ (bound under yoke) and treads the ‘mearcpaþas Walas’ (the paths on the Welsh march). In Riddle 12, swarthy Welsh men are tightly fettered with ox-leather bonds, and a dark Welsh woman works on an object made of ox-hide. RulonMiller proposes as the most likely solution to Riddle 52 ‘yoke of oxen led by a female slave’, since the riddle subjects are associated with binding as well as with a female Welsh slave or ‘Wale’. The association with oxen is thus quite transparent: both Britons and oxen are perceived in the riddles as servile creatures, physically or socially fettered, even if not all wealhas are slaves. But their description as ‘dark-skinned’, coupled with their association to animality, points to their essential otherness, with the potential of sliding into something that is so different to the ideal audience of the riddles as to be almost inhuman. 3
By the time the Exeter Book riddles were inscribed in their extant forms, when the Welsh kingdoms no longer posed an immediate military threat and the Britons on Anglo-Saxon territories had been integrated as slaves, servants, or brides, this discourse could have developed nto a condescending (rather than outright monsterizing) linkage of the wealhas with animality, bondage, and dark skin. 3
These texts (riddles that depict Britons as 'dark' and with negative traits etc) represent mainstream Anglo-Saxon thought. 1

*(We see attitudes towards the Welsh language as being 'evil' in the Blue Books report- 'It is not easy to over-estimate it's evil effects. It is the language of the Cymri', an anterior to that of the ancient Britons.' and 'It distorts the truth, favours fraud, and abets perjury')
Britons/ Welsh discriminated against in Anglo Saxon law
In the Laws of Ine of Wessex (AD 694,) in the Wergild system (monetary compensation for injuring or killing someone), 'Welshmen' were clearly defined as being 'lesser' in law, due to the wergild payment for an Anglo Saxon was 2 to 5 times higher than that of a 'Welshman'.
There are some theories on why this discrimination was made-

The imbalance in wergelds between the two groups may hold within it the very key to the disappearance of the Britons. The wergeld provided the basic honour price for an individual and represented the compensation that would be paid to his kin on his death. Other legal compensations, for injury to self or property, however defined, were computed as a proportion of one’s wergeld. The long term effects of Britons being valued at about half the wergeld of their English counterparts was that, in the normal course of things, large amounts of property would gradually pass from the British community to the English. 5
If, for example, a hypothetical English and British nobleman each owning five hides of land got into a series of disputes with one another and were dealt with fairly by the courts, sometimes giving judgement in favour of the one and sometimes of the other, then all compensations paid by the Briton to the Englishman would be twice the value of those paid to him by his opponent. The end result would be that the property and finally the land would pass to the Englishman. 5

And

The early Anglo-Saxon laws give some indication of the circumstances under which the British lived in Anglo-Saxon society. The law-code of Ine of Wessex, originating in the late seventh century, but preserved as an appendix to the ninth-century Laws of Alfred, gives three levels of wergild (compensation for killing a family member) for free Welshmen, all lower than the wergild of a West Saxon peasant 1
It has also been pointed out that differential scales of wergild were a common method of reinforcing the balance of power between conquered and conquering peoples throughout medieval Europe 1
it would have been an important means of cultural assimilation: successful Britons 'became' English, while remaining British was a sign of failure to prosper.1

And

The inferior social position of the free Wealh is further shown in Ine's Laws, where a man charged with stealing or harbouring stolen cattle had to produce an oath of sixty hides if he were accused by a Wealh, whereas if the accuser were English the oath required was doubled. 9

The usage of 'Welsh' and derogatory associations
'Welsh' originally meant 'Romanised foreigner'. But the meaning changed over time to mean 'slave' and other derogatory association.
Britons were often slaves in Anglo Saxon society to the point that 'Welsh' also meant 'slave'.

The derogatory connotations attached to wealh or the adjective wilisc are plentifully attested, from ‘shameful person’ to ‘bad servant’, while Ælfric equates weala win with crudum uinum (rough, inferior wine) and has a sinner speak wealode mid wordum (‘strangely’, ‘impudently’). These associations survive in present-day British slang words such as ‘to welsh’ (to cheat) and ‘welsher’ (an untrustworthy person). As Ryan Craig and Victoria Davis demonstrate, such discursive practices are not divorced from material realities and are often used to reinforce and sustain material inequity by creating ‘a reality in which it is reasonable for a few to control and to possess the material at the sacrifice of the well-being of others’. 3

And

That it has given us modern English 'Welsh' shows, however, that a parallel ethnic meaning continued in use. This dual meaning must have arisen in an intermediate period, in which 'Briton' and 'slave' were for practical purposes identical. 1
In the tenth century, the writer of the West Saxon gospels used weala to translate the Latin seruus in the parable of the good and evil servants.This seruus was not of British descent, so the Old English word must mean simply 'slave'.1
Between these two stages must have been a period when more or less all Britons were slaves. 1

And

The verbal and adjectival forms derived from wealh reveal further extensions of its meanings and connotations. AEfric uses the verb with the meaning "to be bold, impudent, wanton":
"He cwae bat he nolde and wealode mid wordum "
He said that he would not and was insolent in his speech". Clearly related to this meaning is' walana.' translating Aldhelm's protervorum "shameless people" in the Old English gloss of unknown date contained in a tenth-century manuscript, and wealh "wanton" in 'Ic eom ondetta 6aet ic onfeng on minne mud wealworda' in a tenth-century fragment from a Latin liber poenitentialis. Finally, in the eleventh-century glossary which seems to have been compiled from a number of glossed manuscripts, the Latin barbarus, which has the sense "foreign, uncultivated or ignorant" and in the thirteenth century meant "barbarian", is glossed by walch siue ungerad. Ungerad usually has the sense "rude, unskilled, foolish, ignorant", so again the more negative aspects of wealh are stressed. 9

And

The derogatory connotations of wealh spill over onto its derivative fonns. In his sermon for Ash Wednesday, Aelfric uses the verb wealian to mean "to be impudent, bold, or wanton": he cwatJ pat he no/de and wealode mid wordum, I and sade pat he wolde his wifes brucan I on pam unalyfedum timan 10

Analysing how Anglo Saxon texts contained ideas that normalised the justification for colonising other countries

The ideas that enable later colonial expansion are already present in Anglo-Saxon texts, in both the Anglo-Latin original and the Old English translation and adaptations.
Post-colonial criticism attends to power relationships and knowledge imbalances between colonizers and colonized. Post-colonial theory usually focuses on modern empires, on colonies or former colonies, and their subjects, on the notion of the ‘other,’ on who speaks on whose behalf. But it can also help to understand what happened when Angles and Saxons invaded Britain in the years following the Roman withdrawal and supplanted the native Britons in positions of influence and power. The Lives of Guthlac present that overthrow, as well as the subsequent battles between the ‘englisc,’ and the Welsh and Britons who continued to occupy the margins of Britain in Wales in the west as well as in the fens in the east, as legitimate, and in fact as being in no need of any justification.
Attending to the ways in which a text like the Life of Guthlac normalizes and naturalizes conquest and power imbalances illuminates the development of a world-view that enables later colonizing operations to be undertaken as if it were legitimate for the English to subdue the Irish and, later, the inhabitants of North America, China, India, and Africa. 6
There is abundant evidence in early English culture, in this case its literature, to show that the foundations of British racism, colonialism, and imperialism underpin Western approaches to both other humans and the environment. 7
The way in which early Anglo-Saxon authors envisioned history can be viewed as an important ideological model for the later American concept of historical identity. It is only by looking closely at early nationalist movements—through the ecclesiastical and secular, the myths and histories, and the conflation of both—can the level of British, or English, influence on America’s myth of Anglo-Saxonism be properly understood. 8

Hope this is of some interest!
I would suggest reading the articles and essays I have linked to below. They are really interesting.
1.Anglo- Saxon attitudes: The origins of English racism
2.'The people whom he foreknew': the English as a chosen people in Bede's Historia ecclesiastica
3.https://www.manchesteropenhive.com/display/9781526136442/9781526136442.00018.xml
4.https://www.inthemedievalmiddle.com/2006/04/guthlac-mercia-and-anglo-saxon.html

1. https://www.academia.edu/313138/Apartheid_and_Economics_in_Anglo_Saxon_England
   
2. Anglo Saxon Literary Landscapes
   
3. https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/tmarticle/view/25925/31617
   
4. https://www.academia.edu/85951970/William_Bradford_and_His_Anglo_Saxon_Influences
   
5. The semantic development of Old English 'wealh'
   
6. https://dokumen.pub/beowulfs-wealhtheow-and-the-valkyrie-tradition.html
   

The “dark Welsh”: Color, race, and alterity in the matter of medieval Wales
Bede and the beginnings of English racism
https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/04/26/us-praise-anglo-saxon-heritage-has-always-been-about-white-supremacy/
Race and Manifest Destiny: The Origins of American Racial Anglo-Saxonism

Hi everyone,
About a month ago I started to think about Cycling across country, two weeks later I left Moncton NB at 1pm in the afternoon and haven't looked back, tomorrow I will cross into Quebec.
I think this is interesting for a few reasons.
1- As I said, I am fat and out of shape. I am 44m 6'5 320lbs and have not exercised in any meaningful way in 20 years. I have bad knees, bad back, apnea and I'm type 2 diabetic.
2- Mentally, I'm broken. I suffer from really bad depression, bipolar 2 and Chemicaly Induced Anxiety Disorder.
3- I was raised as a ward of the court, 30+ foster homes, street kid, jail, addiction. Been a hard road.
So why on earth am I doing this? Two main reasons. First and foremost BC is my home province, they recently passed into law funding for school for former wards of the court regardless of age. I plan on taking full advantage of this and I think this should be the standard across all provinces. I have stagnated in the same industry for years and have hit a ceiling. If I ever want to retire and leave something behind for my girls I need something more. And education is where I'll start.
Secondly, if I am to be successful with my schooling I need to get my head in order. Because of my CIAD I can't take antidepressants, so all my mental health issues I tackle on my own. And frankly depression is winning. I could fly out to BC and be there 12hrs from now, but I will end up being the same man.
However, the man that can jump on a bike and pedal his ass all the way to Vancouver Island, that man can do anything. He can regain control of his mental health, he can regain his physical health and he can dedicate a healthy body and mind to his schooling.
So I want to try and bring some awareness to the mental health struggles and the ward of the court funding thing.
It's been over two weeks since I've left and there's been some hard dark moments, but there's been some empowering ones too. I'm already down about 20lbs, there's strength in my legs and back ive not felt since I was a teenager, I'm about to cross into a new province and I thought it was worth sharing with this community.
I have already been posting in another subreddit since I started and they've all been so amazing.
I have been posting almost daily updates to my insta and tiktok but if I understand correctly I can't link them here on this subreddit? I also have a blog I've been writing when I have time.
Both the blog and videos are not a magical Xmas land type of upbeat energetic thing. I talk about and show both the ups and downs of mental health and this monumental challenge I've taken on.
I hope there's a few of you who might pass me on your drives, don't hesitate giving me a honk or a wave. I'll be the big fat guy on a mountain bike :)
Thanks.

As Asian American and Pacific Islander heritage month draws to a close here in the United States, I wanted to share a collection of write-ups featuring the stories of Asians/Pacific Islanders who are currently missing or whose cases have not been resolved. This is an expansion of a piece I post annually and therefore may it sound similar. These are mostly my pieces as well as a few other cases that I have remembered reading about over the last year or two including some cases recommended by readers. Feel free to add other cases which have stuck with you down in the comment section. I hope to garner some exposure for these lesser known cases and links to sources can be found at the bottom or embedded.
Khoi Dang Vu was a deaf American man who went missing from his family’s home in 2007 in Vancouver, Washington. He left on a rainy night without his coat, bike, or any belongings. His case is now considered a homicide and no trace of him has ever been found. True Crime Bullsh*t, an investigative podcast, has surmised that Vu may be a victim of serial killer Israel Keyes. The FBI considers the case a kidnapping. Khoi is of Vietnamese descent. My write up here- https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/g89b2z/what_causes_someone_to_leave_their_home_in_the/
https://www.fbi.gov/wanted/kidnap/khoi-dang-vu
Slideshow made my Khoi's sister- www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IuTeb58vH0&t=0s
Wallace Guidroz went missing from Tacoma in 1983 when he was only two years old. His father took him to a park, went on a walk with a mysterious man, and then when he returned Wallace was gone. Wallace has never been seen again. He is of Korean and African American descent. https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/mdtktl/2_%C2%BD_year_old_wallace_guidroz_disappeared_while/
https://charleyproject.org/case/wallace-guidroz
Helen Doe is an unidentified decedent who died in a semi-truck crash in Kalama, Washington in 1991. Although she is believed to be Native American, Asian, Hispanic, and mixed heritage cannot be ruled out. Her story can be found here. A new facial reconstruction can be see here. https://unidentified-awareness.fandom.com/wiki/Helen_Doe https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/lnv1b9/extensive_write_up_on_the_bizarre_case_of_helen/
https://www.koin.com/news/special-reports/the-mystery-of-helen-doe-kalama-crash-1991/
Grays Harbor Jane Doe was found in 1984 off of a logging road in Southern Washington state. She was middle aged and believed to be of Asian descent. You can read about her here. https://unidentified-awareness.fandom.com/wiki/Grays_Harbor_County_Jane_Doe
In 1963 the body of an unidentified man was found floating in the Spokane River in Spokane, Washington. The man had most likely drowned. He is believed to be of Asian descent but white and mixed descent could not be ruled out. His story, as well as the stories of 16 other unknown persons from Spokane can be found here. https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/liqj98/extensive_write_up_on_17_of_spokane_countys/
https://www.doenetwork.org/cases/1670umwa.html
Gary Ridgway aka the Green River Killer terrorized the Pacific Northwest for decades. What many people do not know is that the Green River task force is still in operation. Ridgway confessed to 71 murders, but only around 49 bodies have been found meaning there are more victims waiting to be discovered or reported missing. Two of Gary Ridgway’s known victims were of Asian American or Pacific Islander backgrounds. Marie Malvar, who was of Filipino descent, and Kimi Kai Pitsor who was native Hawaiian, but there may be more. To read about the stories of these young girls as well as other victims of Ridgway you can start here. https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/gpbcll/what_everyone_has_wrong_about_ridgway_extensive/
https://kingcounty.gov/depts/sheriff/about-us/enforcement/investigations/green-river.aspx
Diane Nguyen Robbins was only 13 in 1985 when she was last seen. She disappeared with her 21 year old friend, Molly Purdin, who was later found murdered. Both Diane and her friend were from Kennewick, Washington but Molly’s was found in northern King County. Gary Ridgway is a suspect in both cases. Diane is of Vietnamese and white descent. https://charleyproject.org/case/diane-nguyen-robbins
Edward Ryon Makuahanai Aikau, usually known as Eddie Aikau, a famous lifeguard and surfer, was credited with saving over 500 people at Waimea bay on Oahu’s north shore during his tenure as lifeguard. In fact not one person was reported drowned during Eddie’s shifts at the beach. In 1978, 31 year old Aikau had decided to join the Polynesia Voyaging society, a group who planned to travel from Hawaii to Tahiti using only outrigger canoes. Shortly into their journey one canoe sprung a leak and eventually capsized 12 miles south of Molokai. Eddie paddled on his surfboard towards Lanai in a valiant effort to summon help, but soon disappeared. The US Coast Guard were able to save all the passengers and a huge search was launched but Eddie was never found and is presumed drowned. Eddie Aikau is a household name in Hawaii and in the surfing community. Competitions bearing his name and t-shirts, bumper stickers, and other items inscribed with “Eddie would go” are a constant reminder of his legacy and memory. Eddie was of Native Hawaiian and Caucasian, mostly Portuguese, descent. His story can be found here. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Aikau
Rachel Mellon, sometimes reported as Rachel Mellon Skemp or Rachel Mellon Kemp was a 13 year old who disappeared from her Illinois home when she was home sick one day in 1996. Her step-father is the primary suspect in her disappearance and diary entries from several months earlier reported that her step dad had touched her inappropriately and tried to kiss her. Rachel is of Asian descent but her family reports she is often mistaken for Greek or Italian. Her case can be found here. https://charleyproject.org/case/rachel-marie-mellon
Hang Lee, a 17 year old girl, went missing from St Paul Minnesota on January 12th 1993. Hang was last seen with a friend Kia “Nikki” Lee. She left home with this friend between 6:00 and 7:00 p.m. but when Nikki returned home an hour later, Hang was not with her. Nikki initially told authorities Hang had left with some unidentified young men. She later changed her story and said Hang had gone to a job interview with Nikki's own employer, Mark Steven Wallace, at Wallace's small painting and carpentry business on Iroquois Avenue. Wallace told Nikki that he was looking to hire another employee and she suggested her friend Hang as Hang was looking for a new job. Nikki thought that this request from Wallace was odd as he did not have enough work to hire another employee at that time. Nikki eventually told authorities that she and Hang went to Wallace's place of work and drove around with him in a white truck before switching and driving around in a tan Chevy Cavalier. Wallace dropped Nikki off and then left with Hang in the car. Wallace also told Nikki to not report what happened to the police.After a few interviews with the police Nikki retained an attorney and is no longer cooperating. Wallace denied involvement but also retained an attorney. Wallace is the prime suspect in the disappearance of Hang Lee. He has a record which includes rape, kidnapping, stalking, and drug possession. Hang Lee has never been located and her mother and 13 siblings are still looking for her.Hang is described as a sweet and naïve teenager who is only 17 and 1993. She was 5 ft tall and weighed 90 lb. She was last seen wearing a lightweight black leather jacket, a black t-shirt with "Skid Row" written on the back, black jeans or slacks, sneakers and several pieces of jewelry, including two silver bracelets. She is described as an Asian female with black hair and brown eyes. Her parents moved from Lao (sometimes spelled Laos in the US), and she is Hmong descent. She speaks both English and Hmong. She left behind her purse, a paycheck, and all of her other belongings.Full article here.
Deborah Palmer was only 7 years old in 1997 when she was last seen getting ready for school. Her mother said goodbye as Deborah left the home to walk a few blocks to her elementary school in Oak Harbor, Washington. When Deborah’s mother tried to drop off lunch a few hours later, she was shocked to learn that her daughter never arrived. Five days later, Deborah’s body was found on a beach a few miles away. She had been strangled but not sexually assaulted. Her case is cold and unsolved 25 years later. Deborah is of African American and Filipino descent. https://www.q13fox.com/washingtons-most-wanted/little-girl-doesnt-show-up-for-school-but-shows-up-days-later-dead-on-a-beach
In September of 2019, Tampa native Paulino Norberto Del Mundo Japor Jr. decided she wanted to go on a 10 vacation to Cozumel, Mexico but during a layover in Dallas she called her sister and asked for help getting a ticket back to Florida as she had changed her mind about going to Mexico. Her family said on the phone she sounded “desperate” and “incoherent.” She never boarded a flight home or boarded her plane to Mexico. Her last known whereabouts were documented on security tapes from the Dallas airport. Her phone and bank account have not been used since that day and she was never seen again. Paulino is a transgender woman who went by the names Paula, Paulina, or Pauline. Although Paula had lived as a woman for years she had not medically transitioned and it appears she still used Paulino Norberto as her legal first and middle name. She is of Filipino descent and her family is still hoping for answers. https://charleyproject.org/case/paulino-norberto-del-mundo-japor-jr
In 1999, Xuan Cao, a 53-year-old man from China, was visiting the USA as part of a tour group. His tour group had just gotten to a hotel in North Bergen, NJ, when Xuan said he was going out to make a phone call. He disappeared and never came back. He left behind his passport and all of his luggage. It is not believed to be a voluntary disappearance.
In 1990, Tu Thi-Cam Tran, a student at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, vanished one night on her way back to her car from the University Center. Tu, who was of Vietnamese descent, was 24 years old at the time, and in her senior year at UMBC. She went missing in the small window of time between leaving her classroom and getting into her car. Here's a write-up on her case with some more information.
Ashok Kuman Narain was last seen in Eugene, Oregon in either 1987 or 1988 where he lived with his wife and young daughter after moving from Fiji several years earlier. In 1987 the dismembered body of a pregnant woman and the body of a toddler were found floating nearby in Washington and Oregon. 20 years later these bodies were identified as Raj Mati Narain and Kamnee Koushal, the wife and daughter of Ashok, after Raj’s brother read a story about the unidentified bodies online. He had not heard from his sister since 1987 when Raj’s letters back to her family in Fiji mysteriously stopped. Ashok is wanted for questioning but his whereabouts are unknown. Authorities are looking for a white 1980 Toyota Tercel with the Oregon license plate number KUV762, which disappeared with Ashok and may be connected to Raj and Kamnee's homicides. Both Oregon and Washington authorities are investigating his disappearance.Most sources say the family is of Indo Fijian descent, however, the Charley project now reports that Ashok is of native Fijian descent. You can read their tragic story here. https://charleyproject.org/case/ashok-kumar-narain
Queens Jane Doe was an unidentified woman who fell to her death accidentally after falling off an elevated train platform in Queens, New York in January, 2000. She is described as an 18 to 28 year old Asian or Pacific Islander woman who is 5 ft 1 in in height and weighed 113 lb. She had brown eyes and 7” straight dark brown hair. She was wearing a dark brown Albert Duke brand leather jacket, a blue and white plaid button-up shirt, a dark colored bra, blue jeans, white underwear, and black Euro sneakers or boots. She was also wearing earrings. Her identity is still a mystery to this day. You can find more information here, https://unidentified-awareness.fandom.com/wiki/Queens_Jane_Doe_(January_2000)) but please be careful as post-mortem photos are available of this woman.
In 2011, Mansoor Riaz, a Microsoft software engineer, vanished one night from his Bellevue, Washington apartment. Riaz is of Pakistani descent. His story can be found here.
https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/msgolf/a_software_developer_at_mircosoft_vanished_from/
https://charleyproject.org/case/mansoor-riaz
Yuan Xia Wang went missing near Washington DC when she was headed for a doctor’s appointment. Yuan had been found at Dulles Airport when a man who was smuggling people into the country was detained and Yuan was one of his charges. Police became suspicious when Yuan who was supposedly a Thai citizen could not speak or understand Thai, but rather spoke Mandarin. Yuan told authorities her parents in Fuzhou, China had paid money for this man to get her into the country using a Thai passport. She was supposed to live with an aunt in the US, but she didn't know where or who this person was so she was placed in foster care for the time being. Other reports say that her smuggler was supposed to take her to a hotel in Alexandria, Virginia. Her foster parents hired a Mandarin speaking babysitter to stay with her until she was enrolled in at a local middle school. Yuan went missing only a few weeks later while on the way to a doctor's appointment. She reportedly got off the school bus and was supposed to take a cab to the doctors but vanished by the time the cab arrived. Although Yuan said she was 12, she was 5’ 6” in height and most people thought she was probably 14-15 at the time of her disappearance. She is of Chinese descent and speaks Mandarin. Police believe she either ran away, was kidnapped by her family members or smugglers, or met with foul play. She may have been seen in Kansas city in 2008. Sadly her dentals, fingerprints, and DNA and not available. https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/jbtixc/yuan_xia_wangmissing_from_lincolnia_virginia/
https://charleyproject.org/case/yuan-xia-wang
Su Cha Kim a 54 year old shop owner from Twin Falls, Idaho Was found murdered in her massage parlor in 1997. Her case is unsolved and cold. Unfortunately, little information is available online. https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/njhce2/the_1997_murder_of_su_cha_kim_in_twin_falls_id/
https://magicvalley.com/news/local/twin-falls-police-hope-passing-years-will-help-solve-cold-cases/article_7c83fca5-9dfd-5fd6-915f-063719bc0117.html
Faloma Luhk, 10, and Maleina Luhk, 9, disappeared while waiting for their school bus in As Teo, Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, on May 25th, 2011. The girls were last seen sitting on a concrete slab at 6:10 a.m. across the road from their bus stop, only 300 feet from the home they shared with their grandparents. The bus arrived and left without them at 6:30 am but the girls were not reported missing until they didn’t come home after school that day. The 12 mile long island of Saipan was searched thoroughly by friends, family, locals, and the FBI but no trace of the girls or their things were ever found and their disappearance remains one of the most well known mysteries from the Northern Mariana Islands. Both girls are described as Pacific Islander females with brown hair and brown eyes. In 2011, Faloma had bronze colored highlights in her bangs, and Maleina had a large birthmark on her left cheek. She is reported as small and short for her age. A distant family member by marriage, who was later arrested for domestic violence, is the prime suspect in the case. He has never been named publicly. https://www.saipantribune.com/index.php/disappearance-of-luhk-sisters-marks-10-years/
https://www.guampdn.com/news/local/10-years-later-fbi-still-looking-for-luhk-sisters-who-went-missing-from-saipan-bus/article_f22e2472-cc38-50ac-a187-2ad5f3795155.html
Dong Chull Jung disappeared within minutes in Lakewood, Washington. The 78 year old was residing at the Golden Lion Motel on Tacoma Way in Lakewood, Washington. The establishment has long been a hotbed of criminal activity and violence since at least the 1990s. On average the police responded to incidents at the 24-room hotel over 100 times per year. November 22nd 2003 was one of those times. On that day witnesses called the police after hearing a “disturbance” in Dong’s room. When the authorities arrived, they found a giant pool of blood on the floor as well as Dong’s prescription eyeglasses, but Dong was nowhere to be found. According to the News Tribune, a paper out of Tacoma, one week before Dong’s disappearance he was granted a temporary domestic violence protection order from a Paul C. Jung, who might be Dong’s adult son. In June of 2003, someone named Hae Sung Jung, got a restraining order against Dong. Hae might be the estranged wife of Dong, but this isn’t known for sure. There are vague reports that Dong was having “marital issues'' at the time of his disappearance. Very little information is available in the case. The Golden Lion Inn was finally torn down in 2017 but the fate of the elderly man who resided within remains a mystery. Dong is described as an Asian (Korean) male, with brown eyes and thinning gray hair. He is 5’6'' and weighs 135 lbs. Dong wears prescription eyeglasses but they were left behind when he vanished. If you have any information regarding the disappearance of Dong Jung please call Pierce County Crime Stoppers 253-591-5959. https://charleyproject.org/case/dong-chull-jung
Gordon Kaipo Kealoha, 59, disappeared along with his dog Mahina in 2011. They were last seen fishing near Honolulu where they lived on July 8; Gordon cherished Mahina and brought her almost everywhere he went. After his disappearance, Gordon's white minivan was found abandoned, and his dinghy was found in the water, floating away from his home. Gordon is 6'1 and 250 pounds, and he is of Native Hawaiian descent.
https://charleyproject.org/case/gordon-kaipo-kealoha
Amber Aiaz and Melissa Fu were mother and daughter who went missing In November, 2019 from Irvine, California. The story of their disappearance and possible kidnapping is complicated. I would suggest reading the story here or here if you are interested in the details but the basic story is this. Amber's husband, Cheng Zhang, reported his wife and stepdaughter missing to the police about a week after they were last seen. He said that a Chinese man and woman came to his door, put something on his face and he passed out. He reported that when he woke up he found blood and evidence of a struggle in the apartment. He also found a note telling him not to report his wife and daughter missing to the police for at least several days and continued to get notes over the next week. He did what the notes instructed for the next several days. When he finally did report his wife and stepdaughter missing, police were skeptical of his story to say the least. Several months later police reported that they had found nothing to indicate that Cheng’s story was untrue, including over 40 hours of interviews with him and 44 days of around the clock surveillance. In the past Amber had told acquaintances that she was a very wealthy woman who had millions of dollars to her name. While this was not true, authorities speculated that Amber may have been kidnapped for ransom only for her captors to find out that her story of riches was nothing more than a farce. Amber's money has not been touched in either her Chinese or American bank accounts. Both mother and daughter left behind their passports and there's no indication that either of them have entered China.
Amber is described as a 34-year-old Chinese woman who is 5'9 and weighed 180 lb. She has black hair and brown eyes. When last seen she was wearing a black shirt, a black vest, black fitted pants with white writing on them, and light colored shoes. She may use the name Mei Yi Wu or Meiyi W. Wu.
Melissa is described as a 12 or 13 year old Chinese female with black hair and brown eyes. She was 5 '11” in height and weighed about 200 lb. She was last seen wearing a black tracksuit.
Cheng described the unidentified abductors as a Chinese couple in their 40s. Both had average builds. The woman was reported to be about 5’8” and had her black hair tied back in a bun. The man was of average build about 190 lb. and 5 '10”. He had short black hair. The couple may have been driving a black Cadillac and they may have been seen near the apartment complex that day by other neighbors.
Destiny Dee Sanith was last seen by her family on March 3rd, 2022 in Williamstown New Jersey. At about 2:30 in the afternoon on March 3rd, she asked her mom if she could borrow the car to go visit a friend in South Philadelphia. When Destiny did not return in the evening her mother learned that she never made it to her friend's house that day. New Jersey police had contact with Destiny at about 5:20 a.m. on March 4th In Folsom New Jersey. Destiny and her car were near a strip mall at the time. What exactly happened is not clear but police reported they helped Destiny move her car into a parking spot and then gave her a ride to a Wawa convenience store about a mile up the road. Destiny's family has reported that they have surveillance video of Destiny entering and then later leaving the Wawa store after purchasing a drink. At about 9:00 a.m. she was seen leaving the store with a drink crossing the road, turning into another convenience store and then going behind the building and out of view. This is the last known sighting and location of Destiny Sanith. On March 5th when Destiny had still not returned home she was reported missing to the police and her family learned about her interaction with the police on the morning of March 4th. Destiny has not been seen or heard from since.
Destiny is described as an Asian female 27 years old, who is 5'6 and height and weighs about 160 lb. She reportedly has short wavy brown hair and brown eyes. She was last seen wearing black sweatpants, a black Nike sweatshirt, a backpack, white and red Air Jordan sneakers, wearing earrings and carrying a coffee. She has a tattoo of the Virgo symbol on her right hand. Her nickname is Dara. Her family has set up a GoFundMe to help find Destiny and hire a private investigator. Full article here.
Myong Keun Noah, who went by the nickname Mike, was seen by his family at around 7:00 p.m. on May 1st, 2007 in San Bruno, CA. Mike owned a private car company called E Limousine Services that he ran out of his home. That evening Mike told his son that he had to leave to pick up a 7:30 p.m fare. He did not tell his son where he was picking up the fare. Mike's wife was at an evening class at the time. Neither he or his black Lincoln town car was ever seen again. His car was new and didn't have permanent license plates, but had the transportation carrier permit number TCP 18525 printed on the back bumper. It had a transponder that registers when it enters San Francisco International Airport, but the transponder did not register a trip to the airport that evening. A search of parking areas at both the San Francisco Airport and the Oakland Airport did not locate Mike or his car. Mike's bank account and his phone have not been used since May 1st, 2007. Mike had no history of running away or dropping out of sight, he had no reported mental health issues, no personal problems, and no enemies. Police report that they are baffled by his disappearance. Mike was a US Army veteran and a naturalized American citizen. He had one teenaged son with his current wife and two adult children from a previous marriage however, no one in Mike's family has heard from him since May 1st, 2007. Mike is described as an Asian male, 60 years old in 2007, with brown eyes and black and gray hair. He is 5 ft 8 in in height and weighs about 165 lbs. He was last seen wearing a black suit with a white shirt. He may spell his last name “Noh.” He is of Korean descent.
https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/SAN-BRUNO-Wife-police-plead-for-help-finding-2559008.php
https://charleyproject.org/case/myoung-keun-noah
What happened to these people?